Discuss implications of the study for nursing practice.

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MSN5250: Statistics for Advanced Nursing Practice Team:____________ Critique Worksheet for Group Project Part A

Elements of Critique Discussion State the practice problem/issue that is the focus of the study. How does this practice problem/issue affect your nursing practice?

In your own words, state the purpose of the study.

Is the research question clearly stated? What is the research question? Does it match the purpose of the study?

Is the research hypothesis clearly stated? What is the research hypothesis? Does the hypothesis reflect the purpose of the study? Formulate a null hypothesis for this study.

Who is identified as the target population? How were the subjects chosen (e.g., randomly, conveniently)?

Who is included (e.g., males, females, children, adults)? Who is excluded (e.g., elderly, pregnant women, minorities)? How large is the sample? How was sample size determined?

List the research variables. How are the variables described? What instruments or tools were used to collect data? Are the instruments sufficient for measuring the study variables? How is this assessed? Are the instruments valid and reliable? Are the instruments adequately described for you to understand what the score means?

State the data collection procedures. How often was data collected and for how long?

Were data analysis procedures clearly described? Were data logically organized/presented in tables, graphs and/or charts? Describe. What statistical tests were used to analyze data? What assumptions in the data must be met for the type of statistical tests used? Were these assumptions met?

What were the levels of measurement for each variable in the study? Were statistical tests suitable to the types of data collected/levels of measurement? What was the alpha for each variable? Describe how statistical significance was demonstrated (or not) for each variable.

Discuss study results. What were the findings? Is the research question/hypothesis answered? Were study limitations described? Can generalizations be made? Were there any unexpected findings?

Discuss study recommendations. Is there an identified need for further research?

Do study findings have clinical significance? Who will benefit from results of the study? Discuss implications of the study for nursing practice. What changes could you make in your practice based on the results of this study?

Are there ethical dilemmas that have resulted from technology changes when delivering care to patients or patient safety?

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#35772 Topic: FED LAW TO PATIENT SAFETY Number of Pages: 1 (Double Spaced) Number of sources: 3 Writing Style: APA Type of document: Essay Academic Level:Master Category: Nursing Language Style: English (U.S.) Order Instructions: ATTACHED Select a state or federal law or regulation related to patient safety that has been implemented within the last five years requiring hospitals or any other health care organizations to change the way they manage the delivery of care. Discuss the changes that have occurred because of this law or regulation. Additionally, discuss the technology associated with either your selected law/regulation or a similar one. Are there ethical dilemmas that have resulted from technology changes when delivering care to patients or patient safety? Explain the dilemmas and how they might be resolved. REFERENCES: • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality https://www.ahrq.gov/ • Becker’s Hospital Review article on healthcare innovation https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/healthcare-information-technology/10-biggest-technological-advancements-for-healthcare-in-the-last-decade.html • Health IT legislation https://www.healthit.gov/topic/laws-regulation-and-policy/health-it-legislation • Institute for Healthcare Improvement http://www.ihi.org/

Demonstrate leadership strategies that promote safety and improve quality in nursing practice and increase collaboration with other disciplines when planning patient-centered care within systems-based practice

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CO1: Propose individualized comprehensive care by integrating theories and principles of nursing and related disciplines when planning comprehensive patient-centered care. (PO1)

CO2: Demonstrate leadership strategies that promote safety and improve quality in nursing practice and increase collaboration with other disciplines when planning patient-centered care within systems-based practice. (PO2)

Think of the best leader or manager you have ever known (or your ideal leader or manager) in nursing or another field. How did this person lead others? How did you feel working with this leader? What impact did this person’s leadership style have on your future leadership?

references: Chamberlain College of Nursing. (2018). NR351 Transitions in Professional Nursing: Week 6 lesson. Downers Grove, IL: Online Publication.

Research a historical experiment that impacted or helped shape the development of ethical codes and regulations.

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Discussion #1

Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) often are unable to give informed consent because of cognitive or physical impairments due to illness, trauma, or sedation.1,2 In such circumstances, a patient’s family member or proxy is asked to serve as a surrogate and provide informed consent on behalf of the patient.3,4 With increasing frequency, surrogates of ICU patients are being asked to provide consent for crucial genomics research (Shelton, 2015). This article addressed computer based teachings on informed consent by these family members. I understand that in the time we live in, it is important to include computer based training based on technological dependence by much of the population. I do see a few issues with this type of teaching, however. First of all, during a very stressful time such as a family member being in the ICU someone like me is not going to have the patience to read through 30 plus slides on a computer that is explaining the consent process. On top of that, if the surrogate is in a very emotional state, which is highly likely in the ICU, patients could read all the slides and either not understand or even remember what they read because they are concerned about their family member. Lastly, if the surrogate is an older family member, they might not want to do anything on a computer. I do believe that the computer based teaching is an important tool to have, but there should always be a trained informed consent specialist that would be able to sit and talk to the patient and answer any questions they may have. I can’t speak for everyone, but being in the medical field I feel research is very important. I would not mind at all if someone studying my medical records could help someone else further down the road as long as confidentiality/ anonymity was maintained.

Discussion #2

Research a historical experiment that impacted or helped shape the development of ethical codes and regulations. Discuss the experiment and discuss the rights violated within the study (if any). Discuss any outcomes or legislature associated with the study. What type of consent would have been needed to make the study ethical and valid?

The Tuskegee Study, an observational study of over 400 sharecroppers withuntreated syphilis, was conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service to documentthe course of the disease in African American males and racial differences in theclinical manifestations of syphilis (Jones, 1981). The study began in 1932 inMacon county, Alabama and its purpose was to document the course of thedisease. Despite the availability of treatment, (initially arsenic and bismuth, thenpenicillin in 1947), the men were not told they had the disease, not givencounseling on the spread of the disease, and not given treatment during the 40 year course of the study (Heller, 1987). At the end of the trial more than 100 menhad passed away to syphillis or related complications. The study ended in 1972, when a front page newspaper article detailed ethical concerns promptingnumerous investigations to review existing federal regulations aimed at theprotection of research subjects. As a result of this unethical study the NationalCommission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and BehavioralResearch and the National Research Act were created in 1974 (93rd Congress, 1973). This Act requires the establishment of Institutional Review Boards todetermine if the proposed selection of patients is equitable and to protect therights and welfare of human subjects.

The Tuskegee syphillis study raises a host of moral issues emanating from itsviolation of the ethical principles guiding research involving human subjects. Thisstudy violated major ethical issues including informed consent (the researchesknew that these men were not educated, poorly cared for, with no access tohealthcare and in dire economical conditions), withholding of treatment as well as maleficence and racism (Heintzelman, 1996).