Introduction to Qualitative Research.

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Introduction to Qualitative Research.

Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Clinical Settings

Some people consider the difference between the terms “quantitative” and “qualitative” to be similar to the difference between facts and feelings. These individuals might argue that quantitative approaches are better or more appropriate than qualitative approaches, particularly in health care. They might support this argument by saying that quantitative approaches are based on numbers and concrete evidence rather than on subjective observations and opinions.

Based on the information presented in this week’s Learning Resources and Media, do you think this an accurate way of distinguishing quantitative and qualitative methods of research? Is one method inherently superior to the other? How would you describe the difference between quantitative and qualitative research to someone who was completely unfamiliar with these concepts?

This Discussion explores the characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research methods as well as the application of each in the practice setting. You examine the suitability of each method to evidence-based practice. You are encouraged to make connections between general characteristics and abstract research concepts to realistic scenarios and actual experiences in your responses to this week’s Discussion prompts.

To prepare:

Review Dr. Shi’s comparison of the characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research presented in this week’s media presentation and in the “Overview of Qualitative Research Methods” tutorial.
Reflect on the Learning Resources focusing on the use of quantitative and qualitative research in health care.
With the two articles you reviewed in mind (one quantitative and one qualitative), think about how those types of research projects influence, or support, evidence-based nursing practice. Ask yourself: Which methodology is most appropriate for supporting evidence-based practice? What characteristics of that methodology support my conclusion? SEE ATTACHED FILES FOR ARTICLES

By Tomorrow 08/29/17, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with a minimum of 3 references from the list below which include the level one headings as numbered below:

post a cohesive response that addresses the following:

1) Analyze how quantitative and qualitative research projects can be applied to evidence-based nursing practice. (SEE ATTACHED FILES FOR ARTICLES)

2) What characteristics of quantitative or qualitative research make it the most appropriate for addressing evidence-based practice problems? Support your position.

Required Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Research methods for evidence-based practice: Introduction to research and analysis. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 10 minutes.

In this week’s video, the presenters discuss the use of research in health care and how health care professionals can select appropriate research topics. The video also discusses how to identify organizational sources of data for health care research.

Tutorials

Walden University. (n.d.). Overview of quantitative research methods. Retrieved August 1, 2011, from http://streaming.waldenu.edu/hdp/researchtutorials/qualitative/index.html

This tutorial provides an overview of qualitative research design and methods, including the key questions to consider when using a qualitative methodology.

Required Readings

Gray, J.R., Grove, S.K., & Sutherland, S. (2017). Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.

Chapter 2, “Evolution of Research in Building Evidence-Based Nursing Practice”

This excerpt discusses methodologies for developing research evidence in nursing and compares quantitative and qualitative research methods. This section of Chapter 2 also introduces levels of evidence and how the various levels are used in evidence-based practice.

Chapter 3, “Introduction to Quantitative Research”

Chapter 3 provides an overview of quantitative research methods, including sampling and research settings. The chapter also outlines the steps of quantitative research from the formulation of a research project to communicating research findings.

Chapter 4, “Introduction to Qualitative Research”

Chapter 4 introduces qualitative research methods and examines the use of qualitative research in nursing.

Select and read one article that uses quantitative methodology and one article that uses qualitative methodology:

Bonner, L. M., Simons, C. E., Parker, L. E., Yano, E. M., & Kirchner, J. E. (2010). ‘To take care of the patients’: Qualitative analysis of Veterans Health Administration personnel experiences with a clinical informatics system. Implementation Science, 563–570. doi:10.1186/1748-5908-5-63

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database. [Qualitative]

This article presents a qualitative analysis of interview transcripts with Veteran Health Administration (VA) personnel and examines themes relating to participants’ interactions with and assessment of the VA electronic health record (EHR).

Fletcher, A., Cooper, J. R., Helms, P., Northington, L., & Winters, K. (2009). Stemming the tide of childhood obesity in an underserved urban African American population: A pilot study. ABNF Journal, 20(2), 44–48.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database. [Quantitative]

This article presents the quantitative findings of a pilot weight control study performed by the Kids for Healthy Eating and Exercising (KHEE) club in Jackson, Mississippi. This program may be considered a model for successful methods of addressing the nationwide problem of childhood obesity.

Lavoie-Tremblay, M., Paquet, M., Duchesne, M., Santo, A., Gavrancic, A., Courcy, F., & Gagnon, S. (2010). Retaining nurses and other hospital workers: An intergenerational perspective of the work climate. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(4), 414–422. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2010.01370.x

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library using the CINAHL Plus with Full Text database. [Quantitative]

This article outlines a quantitative study on work climate perceptions and intentions to quit among health care workers belonging to three distinct generations: baby boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y. The article offers suggestions for retention strategies based on the findings of this study: identifying areas of work climate improvement that are relevant to workers across the three generations in the study.

Watts, S., Gee, J., O’Day, M., Schaub, K., Lawrence, R., Aron, D., & Kirsh, S. (2009). Program evaluation. Nurse practitioner-led multidisciplinary teams to improve chronic illness care: The unique strengths of nurse practitioners applied to shared medical appointments/group visits. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 21(3), 167–172.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library using the CINAHL Plus with Full Text database. [Qualitative]

This article offers a qualitative analysis of case studies of shared medical appointments (SMAs) or group visits for three different chronic diseases. Using the six criteria in a novel chronic care model (CCM), the article illustrates how nurse practitioners (NPs) play a variety of roles in the development, implementation, and sustainability of SMAs as a method of improving the quality of life and care for patients with chronic diseases.

 

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Develop and implement strategies to resolve ethical issues.You have had six clients come in for care today one of whom is Mrs Jocelyn Davis. She is a regular client at the Respite Centre and has been diagnosed with moderate dementia.

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Develop and implement strategies to resolve ethical issues.You have had six clients come in for care today one of whom is Mrs Jocelyn Davis.
She is a regular client at the Respite Centre and has been diagnosed with moderate
dementia.

Law and Ethics – Nursing

You are working as an EEN at Sunnyside Day Respite Centre on a morning shift.

You have had six clients come in for care today one of whom is Mrs Jocelyn Davis.
She is a regular client at the Respite Centre and has been diagnosed with moderate
dementia.
At 1030 hours Mrs Davis becomes agitated and begins to wander around the
Respite Centre. The Registered Nurse in charge of the shift, RN Jolie, tells you to
restrain Mrs Davis in her chair with a lap restraint. You are not certain that Mrs Davis
needs to be restrained and you question RN Jolie’s order. RN Jolie becomes
annoyed at your question and tries to restrain Mrs Davis herself.
Mrs Davis verbally objects to being restrained and attempts to undo the restraint. In
the process her chair tips over, she hits her head on the floor and loses
consciousness. While RN Jolie attends to Mrs Davis you call the ambulance.
After Mrs Davis is taken to hospital RN Jolie tells you to say that Mrs Davis was
found after she had falle n and hit her head if anyone asks you about what happened
to her. RN Jolie also tells you not to say anything about restraining Mrs Davis as you
will both get into trouble. You feel uncomfortable about this but she is your
Registered Nurse so you say nothi ng.
Mrs Davis dies in hospital two days later. The Coroner has been notified by the
hospital and her death is to be investigated by the Coroner’s Court.
When you hear about what is to happen following Mrs Davis’ death you are unsure
and become worried about what you should do now.
1. Discuss the following legal and professional issues in relation to this Case
Study:
• Consent, restraint, assault and battery
• Duty of care, negligence and vicarious liability
• Scope of practice (the legal and professional boundaries imposed upon
you as a nurse)
• Advocacy (the nurse’s role as an advocate for the client)
• Documentation
• Open disclosure

 

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Does your organization use portable electronic devices? What safeguards are in place to ensure the security of data and patient information?

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Does your organization use portable electronic devices? What safeguards are in place to ensure the security of data and patient information?
Security of Health Care Records

With the increase of health information technology used to store and access patient information, the likelihood of security breaches has also risen. In fact, according to the Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ):

In the United States, there was a whopping 97% increase in the number of health records breached from 2010 to 2011… The number of patient records accessed in each breach has also increased substantially, from 26,968 (in 2010) to 49,394 (in 2011). Since August 2009, when the US government regulated that any breach affecting more than 500 patients be publicly disclosed, a total of 385 breaches, involving more than 19 million records, have been reported to the Department of Health and Human Services.

A large portion of those breaches, 39%, occurred because of a lost, stolen, or otherwise compromised portable electronic device—a problem that will likely only get worse as iPads, smartphones, and other gadgets become more common in hospitals. (CMAJ, 2012, p. E215).

Consider your own experiences. Does your organization use portable electronic devices? What safeguards are in place to ensure the security of data and patient information? For this Discussion you consider ethical and security issues surrounding the protection of digital health information.

To prepare:

Review the Learning Resources dealing with the security of digital health care information. Reflect on your own organization or one with which you are familiar, and think about how health information stored electronically is protected.
Consider the nurse’s responsibility to ensure the protection of patient information. What strategies can you use?
Reflect on ethical issues that are likely to arise with the increased access to newer, smaller, and more powerful technology tools.
Consider strategies that can be implemented to ensure that the use of HIT contributes to an overall culture of safety.
Post on or before Day 3 an analysis of the nurse’s responsibility to protect patient information and the extent that HIT has made it easier or more difficult to protect patient privacy. Comment on any security or ethical issues related to the use of portable devices to store information. Assess the strategies your organization uses to safeguard patient information and how these promote a culture of safety. Describe an area where improvement is needed and one strategy that could address the situation.

 

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Compose the organization’s eligibility requirements for a Medicare Advantage Plan contract. In preparing for this discussion, read Chapter 24 of the course text. For your initial post, address the following in the discussion forum:

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Compose the organization’s eligibility requirements for a Medicare Advantage Plan contract.
In preparing for this discussion, read Chapter 24 of the course text. For your initial post, address the following in the discussion forum:

Compose the organization’s eligibility requirements for a Medicare Advantage Plan contract.
Outline two pieces of vital information regarding Medicare Advantage Plans from the Kaiser Family Foundation’s Website.

 

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