A 24-year-old woman presents with fever and painful, swollen cervical lymph nodes. Her blood work indicates neutrophilia with a shift to the left. She most likely has
Answers:
A. a mild viral infection.
B. a severe fungal infection.
C. a mild parasitic infection.
D. a severe bacterial infection.
The nurse knows that which of the following treatment plans listed below is most likely to be prescribed after a computed tomography (CT) scan of the head reveals a new-onset aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Answers:
A. Monitoring in the ICU for signs and symptoms of cerebral insult
B. Stat administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)
C. Administration of a diuretic such as mannitol to reduce cerebral edema and ICP
D. Craniotomy and clipping of the affected vessel
A 40-year-old woman who experiences severe seasonal allergies has been referred by her family physician to an allergist for weekly allergy injections. The woman is confused as to why repeated exposure to substances that set off her allergies would ultimately benefit her. Which of the following phenomena best captures the rationale for allergy desensitization therapy?
Answers:
A. Injections of allergens simulate production of IgG, combining with the antigens to prevent activation of IgE antibodies.
B. Repeated exposure stimulates adrenal production of epinephrine, mitigating the allergic response.
C. Allergens in large, regular quantities overwhelm the IgE antibodies that mediate the allergic response.
D. Repeated exposure to offending allergens binds the basophils and mast cells that mediate the allergic response.
Two nursing students are attempting to differentiate between the presentations of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Which of the students’ following statements best captures an aspect of the two health problems?
Answers:
A. “Both diseases can result from inadequate production of thrombopoietin by megakaryocytes.”
B. “Both of them involve low platelet counts, but in TTP, there can be more, not less, hemostasis.
C. “TTP can be treated with plasmapheresis, but ITP is best addressed with transfusion of fresh frozen plasma.”
D. “ITP can be either inherited or acquired, and if it’s acquired, it involves an enzyme deficiency.”
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