Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood pressure can persist. Why?

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MICROBIOLOGY

Please answer the questions below in approximately 200 words. DO NOT PLAGERIZE. Reference sources.ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
1) Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood pressure can persist. Why?
2) Why is diagnosis of botulism difficult?
3) Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes.
a. Streptococcus pneumoniae
b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c. Streptococcus pyogenes
d.

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Please answer the questions below in approximately 200 words. DO NOT PLAGERIZE. Reference sources.
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
1) Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood pressure can persist. Why?
2) Why is diagnosis of botulism difficult?
3) Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes.
a. Streptococcus pneumoniae
b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c. Streptococcus pyogenes
d. Shigella dysenteriae
4) A patient consulted a physician for symptoms that included a swollen toe, a red streak along his ankle, and enlarged lymph nodes in his groin. Explain the cause of these symptoms.
5) A person has antibodies against the measles virus. Identify three ways in which these antibodies could be acquired.
6) Describe the production of antibodies using the clonal selection theory.
7) Positive diagnosis of AIDS is made when a patient has antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Why does a patient have an immune deficiency if he or she is making antibodies?
8) What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolved O2 (DO) of the receiving body of water? What is the effect of secondary-treated sewage on the BOD and DO?
9) A newspaper headline reported “Algal Bloom Kills Fish.”
a. What actually caused fish death, given that the algae were not toxic?
b. What could have caused the algal bloom?
Table 27.1
These results were obtained from a bioremediation experiment:
10) Explain the data in Table 27.1.
11) Why does fermentation preserve foods?
12) Why would a farmer purchase Rhizobium? Bacillus thuringiensis?
13) Most of the world’s population relies on wheat for food. Research is being conducted to produce wheat with a higher protein content. Design a biotechnological approach to improving the amino acid content of wheat.

Define growth, and list the requirements for various organisms to “grow”

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MICROBIOLOGY

Unit 2This assignment consists of traveling to the sites listed above and writing a brief paragraph about your visit to that site, and then answering some questions after you have looked over the chapters in the text and in resources for Unit 2. http://www.cellsalive.com/toc.htm#microbiol2. Assume you are looking under the microscope at a Gram-stained slide of an open wound, and you see large red rod shaped cells, and smaller blue violet round cells. What is your explanation for the red and blue cells?3.

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Unit 2This assignment consists of traveling to the sites listed above and writing a brief paragraph about your visit to that site, and then answering some questions after you have looked over the chapters in the text and in resources for Unit 2. http://www.cellsalive.com/toc.htm#microbiol2. Assume you are looking under the microscope at a Gram-stained slide of an open wound, and you see large red rod shaped cells, and smaller blue violet round cells. What is your explanation for the red and blue cells?3. Explain the gram stain, and what does the gram stain tell you about the anatomical differences in cells? What information is gained from this staining technique, and how could that information affect an ill patient?Unit 3 chapter 3 and 5:•1. A facultative anaerobe utilizes glucose either by fermentation or by respiration. If more ATP is generated through respiration, why is the rate of glucose consumption less when the microbe uses respiration than when it uses fermentation? .2. What does a cell need to produce energy? •3. Explain how competitive and noncompetive inhibitors work. .•4. Define growth, and list the requirements for various organisms to “grow”. .•5. this is the question for the discussion board: Explain how a particular microbe responds to efforts to control its growth. (you may work with other students in this class to complete this part of the assignment, be sure to list the names of all involved in developing this activity when you post at discussion board).1. choose a microbe, 2. then research what environmental and O2 requirements are necessary for your microbe to grow. 3. What are the necessary growth factors for your particular microbe, and 4. how you could influence its ability to grow by this knowledge.

BIOLOGY OF CANCER

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BIOLOGY OF CANCER

See attached questions for Biology of Cancer assignment.

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Name: ___________________
BIOL 304
Biology of Cancer
The genetic makeup of an organism is called its ______________, while the physical traits of an organism are called its _______________.
The _________________ part of the cell cycle is where chromatids are separated to opposite poles.
Anaphase c. Metaphase
Interphase d. None of the above
Genes that promote tumor cell development are called ___________________.
Mendel’s 1st law (segregation) applies to genes on separate chromosomes. True (A) / False (B)
The _______________ is a theory used to explain why certain types of tumors only metastasize to specific sites in the body.
The _________________ part of the cell cycle is where chromosomes are duplicated.
Anaphase c. Metaphase
Interphase d. None of the above
What is the difference in DNA packaging (genome structure) in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses? (How would DNA appear under the microscope in each?) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why are metastatic tumors more dangerous than primary tumors? …

Discuss some of the physical and chemical factors involved in the composition, and in the preparation, of a culture medium.

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MICROBIOLOGY

BIO2071_Microbiology Laboratory Review Sheet Week 2 Exercise 8 Questions 1. Define a culture medium. 2. Discuss some of the physical and chemical factors involved in the composition, and in the preparation, of a culture medium.

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BIO2071_Microbiology Laboratory Review Sheet Week 2 Exercise 8 Questions 1. Define a culture medium. 2. Discuss some of the physical and chemical factors involved in the composition, and in the preparation, of a culture medium. Nutrient ingredients: ___________________________________________________________ ___________ pH and buffering: ___________________________________________________________ ___________ Heat (to reconstitute): ___________________________________________________________ ___________ Heat (to sterilize): ___________________________________________________________ ____________ Other: ___________________________________________________________ ____________ 3. At what temperature does agar solidify? ________________________________________________________________ _____________ Page 1 of 5 From Laboratory Manual & Workbook in Microbiology Applications to Patient Care (9th ed.). By Josephine A. Morello, Helen Eckel Mizer, and Paul A. Granato Copyright Š 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Reprinted with permission of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
BIO2071_Microbiology Laboratory At what temperature does agar melt? ________________________________________________________________ _____________ 4. What would happen to plates poured with agar that is too hot? ________________________________________________________________ _____________ Could they be used? ________________________________________________________________ _____________ 5. What would happen to plates poured with agar that is too cool? ________________________________________________________________ _____________ Could they be used? ________________________________________________________________ _____________ 6. Why are culture media sterilized before use? 7. Discuss the relative value of broth and agar media in isolating bacteria from mixed cultures. 8. Are nutrient broths and agars, as you have prepared them, suitable for supporting growth of all microorganisms pathogenic for humans?…