THE PROCESS OF CONFRONTING ONE’S OWN PRECONCEIVED NOTIONS AND EXAMINING HOW THESE MAY INFLUENCE HOW ONE UNDERSTANDS (OR MISUNDERSTANDS) OTHERS.

/in /by

THE PROCESS OF CONFRONTING ONE’S OWN PRECONCEIVED NOTIONS AND EXAMINING HOW THESE MAY INFLUENCE HOW ONE UNDERSTANDS (OR MISUNDERSTANDS) OTHERS.

Self-Reflexive Journal
In this week’s journal entry, you will critically reflect on your own beliefs and biases about your Final Research Paper topic by using the concept of self-reflexivity. Paraphrasing Crapo (2013), self-reflexivity is the process of confronting one’s own preconceived notions and examining how these may influence how one understands (or misunderstands) others. Understanding biases and beliefs about other cultures helps researchers apply cultural relativism to their work.
For this journal, consider the sources that you summarized for Part I and Part II of your paper in your “Week Three Assignment Worksheet.”
Part I Summary and reference:
The article, The mediating role of maternal warmth in the associations between harsh parental practices and externalizing and internalizing behaviors in Hispanic American, African American, and European American families by Yildirim and Roopnarine, discusses parenting among several cultures of ethnicity and the associations between positive and harsh maternal practices and children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors. 1,922 low-income Hispanic American, African American, and European American families were involved in the research (Yildirim & Roopnarine, 2015). European Americans presented links between maternal psychological aggression and hostility and children’s externalizing behaviors were direct (Yildirim & Roopnarine, 2015). Hispanic Americans had links between maternal psychological aggression, physical assault, and hostility and externalizing behaviors were direct, as was the link between maternal physical assault and internalizing behaviors (Yildirim & Roopnarine, 2015). African Americans presented maternal warmth partially mediated the links between maternal hostility and physical assault and externalizing behaviors (Yildirim & Roopnarine, 2015).
Reference
Yildirim, E. D., & Roopnarine, J. L. (2015). The mediating role of maternal warmth in the associations between harsh parental practices and externalizing and internalizing behaviors in Hispanic American, African American, and European American families. Cultural Diversity And Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21(3), 430-439. doi:10.1037/a0038210
 
Part II Summary and reference:
The article, An exploration of Australia’s stolen generations and their journey into the past by Murphy, examines the role of the archive in the lives of Australia’s Stolen Generations, pertaining to Aboriginal Australians who were removed from their families and institutionalized from 1910 until the mid-1970s. This article argues that returning to the archive is both an attempt to confront and negotiate past traumas and one’s relationship to unknown worlds (Murphy, 2011). The author discuss details of the important links between returning to the archive and ideas of healing, and moving forward from past circumstances of hurt and grief (Murphy, 2011).

HOW ARE CHILDREN’S SELF-ESTEEM AFFECTED BY PARENTS PERSONALITIES, AND WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CHILD’S ACTIONS?

/in /by

HOW ARE CHILDREN’S SELF-ESTEEM AFFECTED BY PARENTS PERSONALITIES, AND WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CHILD’S ACTIONS?

How are children’s self-esteem affected by parents personalities, and what are the consequences of the child’s actions?
 
 
From the instant children are born they begin to observe and gain knowledge from their environment. One of the first figures a child observes is their parents and also one of the figures that are observed the most. According to Bandura Social Learning Theory, behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning. Children observe the people around them behaving in various ways. Since children spend so much time watching their parents they learn from them. With their parents children learn how to talk, play, and move; however, that is not all they learn. The social learning theory helps explain that people learn through social context in interactions and observations. As children continue to observe how their parents talk to them and to others they develop this skill as their parents have. This also shapes personalities and therefore parents’ personalities can have a direct effect on the personality of their child.
 
Bandura, A. Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1991). Transmission of aggression through the imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 575-582

EXAMINE THE COGNITIVE FACTORS PIAGET PRESENTS IN RELATION TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.

/in /by

 

EXAMINE THE COGNITIVE FACTORS PIAGET PRESENTS IN RELATION TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.

  1. Cognition Development Across the Lifespan
    Before completing this discussion, review Chapter 5 of your text as well as the Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stage Revisited video. You may also want to review the following recommended resources: “Piaget’s Enduring Contribution to Developmental Psychology,” “On Major Developments in Preschoolers’ Imagination,” “Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (1896-1934),” and “Jean Piaget (1896-1980)” articles,  After examining the research in human development, choose and complete one of the following options:
    Option A: Piaget’s theory on cognitive development has contributed a unique perspective to our understanding of how children think, reason, and solve problems. Examine and identify the main tenets of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development (i.e., schema, assimilation, and accommodation) describing them in your own words.
    Examine the cognitive factors Piaget presents in relation to human development. Briefly identify and describe his stages of cognitive development by illustrating the cognitive tasks that infants, children, or young adults are capable (or not capable) of performing.
    Alternatively, instead of describing the stages, you may create a chart in which the abilities that define cognitive development in Piaget’s theory are plotted against the age at which they are acquired. Identify at least one aspect of Piaget’s theory that has been criticized and mention the evidence upon which this criticism is based.
    Option B: Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development has contributed a unique perspective to our understanding of how children think, reason, and solve problems. Examine and identify the main tenets of Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development (i.e., zone of proximal development, scaffolding, relationship between language and thought) describing them in your own words. In addition, you will need to examine the cognitive factors Piaget presents in relation to human development. Briefly identify and discuss Vygotsky’s view of cognitive development by illustrating the cognitive tasks that infants, children, or young adults are capable (or not capable) of performing.  Identify at least one aspect of Vygotsky’s theory that has been criticized, and mention the evidence upon which this criticism is based.
    Your initial post must be at least 300 words and use a minimum of one scholarly source located in the Ashford University Library or on Google Scholar that is cited and referenced according to APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
    Guided Response: Review several of your classmates’ posts. Provide a substantive response to at least two of your peers in a minimum of 200 words. Respond to a post that examines Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development and one that examines Piaget’s theory. Identify at least one aspect/factor that makes these theories different. Report the scientific evidence that supports one theory over the other for the aspect/factor you selected.
  2. Information Processing Across the LifespanBefore completing this discussion, be sure to review Chapter 5 of your text and the Remembering and Forgetting video. You may also be interested in the article “On Major Developments in Preschoolers’ Imagination,” from the recommended resources.  After examining the research in human development presented in your required resources, complete the following discussion:
    Information processing in the human mind/brain changes as we age. Identify and examine an aspect of the cognitive factor of human development. Choose an ability (i.e., memory, attention, or thinking) and describe how the selected ability changes from infancy to old age. Describe at least one disorder that may affect the selected ability and its typical time of occurrence across the lifespan. Explain the known causes of the disorder by citing the available scientific evidence.
    Your initial post must be at least 300 words and use a minimum of one scholarly source located in the Ashford University Library or on Google Scholar that is cited and referenced according to APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
    Guided Response: Review several of your classmates’ posts. Provide a substantive response to at least two of your peers in a minimum of 200 words. Respond to a post that examines ability different from the one you selected and one that examines the same ability. Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the content of each post. Be sure that you cite scientific evidence to support your views.

Give a definition of victimology.

/in /by

GIVE A DEFINITION OF VICTIMOLOGY.

please note that you are required to support your views by citing your sources in all assignments. Even if the question asks for your opinion, you are still expected to support your opinion with references to published works and other materials. APA format is necessary for your assignments when citing references, and assistance on how to do so is available using the APA Citation Center.

  • Choose Library from the top navigation bar.
  • Choose APA Citation Center from the left navigation bar.
  • Click Example Sources.
  • Scroll down, and click APA Documentation.

For more information on citing your sources, please click on the “About this Course” link in the classroom.
Assignment Details
You graduated from the AIU Criminal Justice Bachelor Program only 1 year ago, and you are now the victim rights advocate for your county prosecutor’s office. When you entered the criminal justice program, you never dreamed that you would have a career helping victims of crimes to navigate the criminal justice system. Your duties include everything from comforting a victim of a sexual assault to helping the families of murder victims. Already, you have had opportunities to help so many people, and this type of work makes you feel proud of what you do. You are so proud, that it is all you speak about to your families and friends. So when Grace, the chief attorney, asks you to do something, you try to do your absolute best. The following assignment is no different.
Grace, the chief attorney (CA), asks you to draft a report that she will use in her presentation to the county commission. Her goal is to keep the victim witness assistant positions that currently exist and increase the number of these positions in the future. She knows that providing victim advocacy is a relatively new concept to the criminal justice system and that the commissioners are not familiar with the concept that the criminal justice system should take a more active role with victims.
Grace needs you to provide information from 8 of the following 12 areas of discussion:

  • Give a definition of victimology.
  • What is the history of victimology, and how has it developed?
  • Explain how it is different from criminology, sociology, or psychology.
  • Who established the first safe houses for battered women? Where and when were these safe houses established?
  • Who established the first rape crisis centers? Where and when were these centers established?
  • How has the Civil Rights movement contributed to antidiscrimination efforts and the establishment of hate crime legislation and policy?
  • What role have children’s rights groups played in highlighting the problems that child victims face in the criminal justice system?
  • Which organizations might she contact that provide specific advocacy for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, child abuse, and homicide?
  • What services are not provided by government crime compensation programs?
  • Explain the need for all states to require mandatory reporting by religious organizations of child abuse by clergy.
  • How can the media be used to affect change in states that do not yet require mandatory reporting?
  • Research the clergy abuse in a state of your choice, and answer the following:
    • If mandatory reporting exists, how long has this been a requirement? What organizations are involved in tracking and helping the victims with this type of abuse?
    • If mandatory reporting does not exist, what alternative processes exist for reporting clergy abuse?

Please submit your assignment.