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What are some strategies for maintaining and/or enhancing cognition in advanced age?

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DISCUSSION BOARD FOR (AGING ACROSS THE LIFESPAN) 250 TO 300 WORDS DUE WEDNESDAY
 

Discussion – Week 3
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Cognitive Development and Decline
 
Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky’s developmental theories offer us two frameworks for understanding our cognitive processing as we age. Aspects of cognition, such as information processing, attention, or memory can be different in childhood as compared to senior adulthood.
To prepare for this Discussion, review this week’s Learning Resources. Consider what Piaget and Vygotsky had to say in their theories of cognitive development.
By Day 3, post a comprehensive response to the following:
 

  • How do the patterns of cognitive development, observed throughout childhood, contrast with those seen in advanced aging?
  • Is cognitive decline inevitable with aging?
  • What are some strategies for maintaining and/or enhancing cognition in advanced age?

_____________________________________________________________________-
RESOURCES

 
Media
Video: Laureate Education (Producer). (n.d.). Aging across the lifespan: Cognitive development [Video file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 33 minutes.
In this week’s media, presenters Dr. Nina Lyon-Bennett and Dr. John C. Cavanaugh discuss: the development of a sense of self; motor development and Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development; theorist Lev Vygotsky and the impact of culture on cognitive development; the differences in information processing between adolescents and adults; practical intelligence; lifelong learning; and physiology and cognition as we get older, including memory issues and information processing.
 
Readings
 

  • Course Text:   Kail, R. V., & Cavanaugh, J. C. (2016). Human development: A life-span view. (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
    • Chapter 4, “The Emergence of Thought and Language: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood”
    • Chapter 6, “Off to School: Cognitive and Physical Development in Middle Childhood”
      • Section 6.1, “Cognitive Development”
    • Chapter 8, “Rites of Passage: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence”
      • Section 8.3, “Information Processing During Adolescence”
    • Chapter 10, “Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development in Young Adulthood”
      • Section 10.3, “Cognitive Development”
    • Chapter 13,  “Making It in Midlife: The Biopsychosocial Challenges of Middle Adulthood”
      • Section 13.2, “Cognitive Development”
    • Chapter 14, “The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues”
      • Section 14.3, “Cognitive Processes”

 

    • What makes an individual? While it could be argued that it is one’s physiological appearance or how one interacts with others, it is cognition—the mental processes of active acquisition of knowledge and comprehension—that, in many ways, defines who we are. The brain’s higher-level functions encompass language, imagination, perception and planning; shaping our outlook on life and our approach to others. In this week’s textbook reading, you will examine elements of cognition such as: thinking, knowing, remembering, judging, and problem-solving across the lifespan.

How have social psychology theories been used in promoting breast cancer awareness?

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Use of Psychosocial Theories in Nursing
In an interdisciplinary field such as nursing, differing perspectives often contribute to greater understanding and fulfillment of a patient’s needs. Take a minute to think about how this relates to the theoretical foundations of nursing. How do theories from various fields inform nursing practice?
For this Discussion, you will explore how social and behavioral theories apply in a clinical setting by analyzing a case study.
Case Study
Consider the following case: A 65-years-old woman is being admitted for a mastectomy due to cancer. She expresses fear and depression during the nursing assessment. What concepts from the various theories could be used in planning her care? How might her care be changed if the woman were 25 years old or 45 years old? How have the social psychology theories been used in promoting breast cancer awareness?
To prepare:        

  • With information from this week’s Learning Resources in mind, reflect on the influence of sociological and behavioral factors on health.
  • Read the case study of the woman admitted for a mastectomy presented on page 328, #3 of the course text Theoretical Basis for Nursing (see case study above). Consider which concepts from sociological and/or behavioral theories could be used in nursing practice for addressing the patient’s health care needs. Conduct additional research as necessary using credible websites and the Walden library. Also consider how these theories are used in your own clinical practice.

By tomorrow 7/18/17, post 550 words essay in APA format with a minimum of 3 references from the list below, that include the level one heading as numbered below:
Post a cohesive response that addresses the following:
1)       What concepts from the various theories could be used in planning the 65-year-old woman’s care?
2)       How might her care be changed if the woman were 25 years old or 45 years old?
3)       How have social psychology theories been used in promoting breast cancer awareness? Provide at least one example to support your response.
4)       How have social psychology theories been used in your clinical practice area? Provide at least one example to support your response

Which among the learning theories provided you with new information?

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                                                                                MODULE 7
                                                            QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION
A
The influence of consequential ethics as an ethical framework (the greatest good for the greatest number) opposes the ethical principle of deontology (i.e., the rightness of an act itself determines what is right). Both of these impact the nursing profession. Modern social exchange theories are based on the principle of utility. Read the assumptions of social exchange theory and consider how these would affect the nurse-patient relationship, compared to how these impact the nurse within the health care environment. To what extent are all theories ethical? Is social exchange theory compatible with the values of the nursing profession?
B
Which among the learning theories provided you with new information? How would you apply this in your practice?
                                                                  Resources
Textbook
1. Theoretical Basis for Nursing
Read Chapters 12 – 20.
Electronic Resource
1. A Syndrome Produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents
Read “A Syndrome Produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents,” by Selye, from Nature (1936), located on the Psychiatry Online website.
http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/jnp.10.2.230a
2. Kurt Lewin: Groups, Experiential Learning and Action Research
Study the Kurt Lewin: Groups, Experiential Learning and Action Research page of the Infed website.
http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-lewin.htm
3. Learning Theories
Explore the Learning Theories page on the Instructional Design website.

Learning Theories

4. Motivation to Learn: An Overview
Read “Motivation to Learn: An Overview,” located on the Educational Psychology Interactive website.
http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/motivation/motivate.html
5. TQM/CQI Quality Links
Explore the TQM/CQI Quality Links website.
http://www.mytapestry.com/qlinks.html
6. Theories of Pain: From Specificity to Gate Control
Read “Theories of Pain: From Specificity to Gate Control,” by Moayedi from the Journal of Neurophysiology (2013).
http://jn.physiology.org/content/jn/109/1/5.full.pdf
7. What Is Systems Theory?
Read “What Is Systems Theory?” by Heylighen and Joslyn, located on the Principia Cybernetica website.
http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/SYSTHEOR.html
e-Library Resource
1. Covering Content and Teaching Thinking: Deconstructing the Additive Curriculum
Read “‘Covering Content and Teaching Thinking: Deconstructing the Additive Curriculum,” by Ironside, from the Journal of Nursing Education (2004).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=2004037207&site=ehost-live&scope=site
2. Evolution of Leadership in Nursing
Read “Evolution of Leadership in Nursing,” by Moiden, from Nursing Management (2002).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=7717041&site=ehost-live&scope=site
3. Linking Nursing Theory and Practice: A Critical-Feminist Approach
Read “Linking Nursing Theory and Practice: A Critical-Feminist Approach,” by Georges, from Advances in Nursing Science (2005).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://gateway.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&AN=00012272-200501000-00006&LSLINK=80&D=ovft
4. Matching Theory to Practice
Read “Matching Theory to Practice,” by Welford, from Nursing Management (2002).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=6921576&site=ehost-live&scope=site
5. The Nursing Contribution to Ethical Decision Making
Read “The Nursing Contribution to Ethical Decision Making” by Dinten-Schmid, Stoffel, Staudacher, McDougall, Baumann-Hölzle, and Spirig, from International Practice Development Journal (2016).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=119684257&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Website
1. Chaos at UMD
Explore the Chaos at UMD (University of Maryland) website.
http://www.chaos.umd.edu
2. Feminist Theory: Center for Digital Discourse and Culture
Explore the Feminist Theory page on the Center for Digital Discourse and Culture website.
http://www.cddc.vt.edu/feminism/index.html
3. Learning-Theories.com
Explore the Learning-Theories.com website.

Learning Theories & Models – Summaries & Guides

4. Six Sigma — What is Six Sigma?
Explore the Six Sigma — What is Six Sigma? website.
http://www.isixsigma.com/sixsigma/six_sigma.asp
5. Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences
Explore the Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences website.
http://www.societyforchaostheory.org/
                                                             MODULE 8 
                                     QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION 
Comment on the usefulness of Benner’s work in your present or future role. Provide several examples.
Resources
Textbook
1. Advanced practice nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession
Read Chapters 28 and 29.
2. Theoretical Basis for Nursing
Read Chapters 21 and 22.
Electronic Resource
1. Economism, Efficiency, and the Moral Ecology of Good Nursing Practice
Read “Economism, Efficiency, and the Moral Ecology of Good Nursing Practice,” by Weiss, Malone, Merighi, and Benner, from the Canadian Journal of Nursing Research (2002), located on the McGill website.
http://digital.library.mcgill.ca/cjnr/pdfs/CJNR_Vol_34_Issue_02_Art_08.pdf
e-Library Resource
1. Individual, Practice, and System Causes of Errors in Nursing: A Taxonomy
Read “Individual, Practice, and System Causes of Errors in Nursing: A Taxonomy,” by Benner, Sheets, Uris, Malloch, Schwed, and Jamison, from JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration (2002).
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://gateway.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&AN=00005110-200210000-00006&LSLINK=80&D=ovft

Examine the attributes of leadership that may be needed for graduate level nurses.

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W2 Assignment 2
In Week 5, the Final Project will synthesize what you have discovered about the different advanced practice roles and scope of practice found in the master of nursing curriculum: NP, nurse educator, nurse informaticist, and nurse administrator. You will review all roles and then examine the specialty for which you were admitted, focusing on the scope of practice, core competencies, certification requirements, and legal aspects of practice for that specific role. This week you will focus on Leadership and the Graduate Nurse Role.
The graduate nurse evidences leadership as seen in the four domains: the profession of nursing, clinical practice arena, health policy arena, and systems level. In order to complete this assignment, complete the short eighteen-question quiz (this takes approximately five minutes) about your leadership style at
About.com Psychology. (n.d.). Quiz – What’s your leadership style? Retrieved
from http://psychology.about.com/library/quiz/bl-leadershipquiz.htm
In a 3- to 5-page paper (excluding the title page, references and appendices), you will address the following criteria:

  • Report your findings from the quiz:
    • What kind of leader were you?
    • How does this fit into your beliefs about your leadership style?
  • Examine the attributes of leadership that may be needed for graduate level nurses.
  • Analyze your personal leadership attributes you feel you have that will help you in your graduate nursing role. Also discuss those attributes that you feel you may need to develop in your graduate nursing role.

Finish with a quotation from a library article related to leadership in an advanced nursing role. Look in some of the known leadership journals like The Journal of Nursing Scholarship or Nursing Leadership Forum or the American Journal of Nursing, Journal of Nursing Administration, Nursing Administration Quarterly, Nursing Management or Health Care Management Review (found in the South University Online Library).