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What are three methods of disease transmission mentioned in the epidemiology animation on the Home page?  Provide some examples

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Module 3 – Case

PATHOGENICITY, IMMUNOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

Case Assignment

In this Case Assignment, you will focus on the materials that you viewed on the Home page.  After reading the text and viewing each of the links provided there, address the following questions:

  1. What are three methods of disease transmission mentioned in the epidemiology animation on the Home page?  Provide some examples.
  2. What are the most common vectors mentioned in the tutorial on transmission of disease?
  3. Which pathogens were mentioned in the Virulence Factors animations (host tissues and defenses)?  List all of the pathogens mentioned and then choose two to discuss.  In your discussion include:
  • How do they hide from host defenses?
  • How do they invade or penetrate the host?
  • Research how they reproduce, and ID them using at least three phenotypic descriptions (you can refer to the dichotomous key from the previous module for phenotypic descriptions).
  1. Note whether the pathogen you chose was reported as a risk to the workplace in the Infectious Diseases in the Workplace article you read on the Home page.
  2. Note the total cases and related mortality reported by the CDC Stats in the linked report.

Assignment Expectations

Page Length: 2 to 3 pages
Format
TUI encourages all students to comply with APA style and format guidelines for proper citation of references.
Scholarly Content                  
Your case assignments are considered scholarly works. Your final work should include peer reviewed (scholarly) sources. Please use the formatting demonstrated in your Background section to cite the tutorials and readings from the Module Overview.
Please keep in mind that you should not use sources such as “Answers.com” or “Wikipedia” or “Wikianswers.”  None of these are scholarly sources and they can be “modified” by any registered user which makes them unreliable.
Appropriate Headings and Paper Flow
Remember that you are preparing a formal academic paper. Your paper should make use of appropriate headings and subheadings.  You should not cut and paste the questions posed and answer them like a “Question and Answer” session.  Your finished paper should read like an academic paper. Submit your final word document to the Case Assignment dropbox.

How is the causative agent transmitted to humans?

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Module 3 – SLP

PATHOGENICITY, IMMUNOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

For this SLP, you will discuss the importance of epidemiology to public health. Research one current example of a disease outbreak and how knowledge of its epidemiology can help health care professionals protect people from disease. (HINT: The CDC and WHO websites are excellent sources of information for this topic). You will present your chosen disease outbreak as a Powerpoint presentation by addressing the topics below:
The following links are helpful guides on using PowerPoint.
PowerPoint 101: Everything You Need to Make a Basic Presentation (this resource is great for both Mac and PC users): http://computers.tutsplus.com/tutorials/powerpoint-101-everything-you-need-to-make-a-basic-presentation–cms-19541
The Microsoft Office link below has several tutorials on Powerpoint from how to get started to additional techniques for advanced users:
PowerPoint Links
Slide 1: Name and describe the microorganism (bacteria or virus) responsible for the outbreak. Briefly introduce your readers to the history of the disease outbreak. Provide an image of the causative agent (microorganism).
Slides 2-3: Where has the outbreak been found globally? Where has it been found in the United States? Describe the specific locations. Provide at least one image of its current distribution.
Slide 4: How is the causative agent transmitted to humans?
Slides 5-6: What are the symptoms of the disease caused by the microorganism? What does the clinical presentation look like in affected patients? What are the complications?
Slide 7: How is it diagnosed? What tests are used?
Slides 8-9: How is the disease treated? What preventative measures are being used locally or globally to control future outbreaks? What is the CDC doing to control the outbreak?
Slide 10: Include any additional interesting facts or figures about the disease outbreak or causative agent.
Slide 11: References.

SLP Assignment Expectations

For this SLP Assignment you will develop a PowerPoint presentation that is approximately 11 slides in length and addresses the requirements outlined above. Place the text containing the answers to the questions above in the slide area. Do a Google search to find images to support the data required and/or use images you have collected from the previous modules. Be sure your last slide includes the full references for any information or images used in your presentation. Please see the rubric for a complete description of grading criteria.

What is the Hygiene Hypothesis?

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Researchers are increasingly looking for answers as allergic diseases continue to rise in the population. The predominant explanation, coined the “hygiene hypothesis” by Professor David Strachan in 1989, states that a lack of early childhood exposure to microbes and other infectious agents increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing the natural development of the immune system. The idea was widely reported by the media that developed societies, like the United States, have become “too clean”.
Read the following article about the hygiene hypothesis to learn more, then answer the questions below in your initial post:
Bradford, A. (2016). What is the Hygiene Hypothesis? Live Science. Accessed at http://www.livescience.com/54078-hygiene-hypothesis.html on September 14, 2016.

  1. Conduct some independent research on the hygiene hypothesis. What contradictory evidence against the hypothesis can you find?
  2. Have any new hypotheses been proposed to explain the increase in allergic conditions? How does it support the original hygiene hypothesis?

Do you think the hygiene hypothesis needs to be renamed? Why or why not?
250 words

Do people choose their own health, particularly their own nutrition and physical activity?

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Just like on the midterm, the way this final works is that I have provided you 5 questions, one per week’s topic. You need to answer the questions to the best of your ability. I will randomly be selecting 2 questions to grade, and then you will have the choice of which 3rd question you want me to review. After everyone has submitted their final exams (on Wednesday morning 8AM of Finals Week), you will be allowed to go into Moodle and select the question number you want me to grade.
Responses will be graded based on 3 things .
1) How thoroughly and thoughtfully you explained the answer.
2) How feasible and creative your response was in terms of solutions, or options for solving problems. 3) How cleanly written it is. Please no typos and no grammatical mistakes.
You must provide links for all of your sources if you reference anything besides your textbook. You all know what reliable sources are, so make sure anything you are referencing is from a reliable, credible source.
*Hint: Each response should probably be at least ½ a page if you are answering thoroughly. Less than ½ a page means you probably didn’t provide enough detail.
Week 6 question
Do people choose their own health, particularly their own nutrition and physical activity? Whether you think the answer is yes, no, or somewhere in between, make a case for your answer. Build your case referencing at least 4 different factors that influence health from Chapters 13,14, and 16. Be specific and think about psychosocial factors and policies, systems, and environmental factors that are relevant to your response.
Week 7 question
Where does the U.S. rank in terms for infant and maternal mortality? Thinking about these rankings, explain the quote “maternal child health is not a health problem, it is a social problem with health consequences.” What are some of the social and economic factors that influence women and children’s ability to be healthy? What are some things that can be done to improve the health of women and children? What we can learn from tobacco prevention efforts to improve maternal and child health? What specific strategies could we use from tobacco? Or, are there things we could learn from other countries?
Week 8 question
Explain, in your own words, what the 3 levels of prevention are. Pick a specific mental health or injury area and discuss how we could intervene at each of the three levels of prevention to improve health outcomes. How would the strategies need to be different for each of the different levels of prevention? What is at least 1 thing that you think we can do to reduce stigma surrounding mental health or surrounding seeking help for mental health issues?
Week 9 question
In your own words, explain the differences and the relationship between medical care and public health. Why are the two sometimes in conflict with each other? How could we change our current system (either the medical care system or the public health system) to improve health outcomes for everyone in our society (Please provide at least 2 specific examples of changes we could make)? Are there any potential unintended consequences of making these changes?
Week 10 question
Which is the fastest growing age group in U.S. society? What are the potential effects as this big group of people ages? What are some of the challenges we will be facing with the younger generations not being as healthy at an earlier age? Can our focus simply be on trying to help people live longer, or do we also need to be focusing on improving quality of life? What are some specific strategies we can implement to help people age healthily? How can we strengthen public health efforts in the future to support older people and society as a whole?
Extra credit:
Please pick one of the news stories below and answer the following questions about it.
1. How/why is this topic a public health issue?
2. Who is most affected by the issue?
3. What are the larger societal implications of the issue, and what happens if things don’t change?
4. What do you think are some of the upstream prevention strategies that we could be implementing to address this problem?
5. What do you think are some of the policy, systems, or environmental changes that could be made to address the problem?
Story 1: The Opioid Crisis is Surging in Black, Urban Communities
Story 2: What If We Treated Gun Violence Like A Public Health Crisis?
Story 3: Increased Hours Online Correlate With An Uptick In Teen Depression, Suicidal Thoughts
Story 4: Scientists Start To Tease Out The Subtler Ways Racism Hurts Health
Story 5: Is There a Ticking Time Bomb Under the Arctic?