Complete 10 page APA formatted essay: Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Power.
Download file to see previous pages…The facts, however, seem to point to a different conclusion. In this 1913 book (published in 1914), the author takes speculation he had read about the chance of releasing energy from atoms, and writes about a future of atomic power and atomic weapons. The atomic weapons of this book make relatively small, but on-going (for centuries!) explosions. Plus, it seems that at the time they knew little about the effects of radiation on living organisms. Scientists of the time were well conscious that the slow natural radioactive decay of elements like radium continues for thousands of years, and that while the rate of energy release is negligible. the total amount released is enormous. Wells used this as the basis for his story. In his fiction, The problem which was already being mooted by such scientific men as Ramsay, Rutherford, and Soddy, in the very start of the twentieth century, the trouble of inducing radio-activity in the heavier elements and so tapping the internal energy of atoms, was solved by a magnificent combination of induction, intuition, and luck by Holsten so soon as the year 1933. The physicist Leo Szilard read the book during 1932, conceived the idea of nuclear chain reaction during 1933, and filed for patents for it during 1934. Wells did have some knowledge of atomic physics, and William Ramsay, Ernest Rutherford, and Frederick Soddy’s discovery of the disintegration of uranium. The physicist Leo Szilard read the book during 1932, conceived the idea of nuclear chain reaction. during 1933, and filed for patents for it during 1934. Wells did have some knowledge of atomic physics, and William Ramsay, Ernest Rutherford, and Frederick Soddy’s discovery of the disintegration of uranium. In Wells’s story, the “atomic bombs” have no more power than ordinary high explosive-but they “continue to explode” for days. Never before in the history of warfare had there been a continuing explosive. indeed, up to the middle of the twentieth century the only explosives known were combustibles whose explosiveness was due entirely to their instantaneousness. and these atomic bombs which science burst upon the world that night were strange even to the men who used them.
Wells offers the subsequent details of how the bombs are believed to work:
“Those used by the Allies were lumps of pure Carolinum painted on the outside with unoxidised cydonator inducive enclosed hermetically in a case of membranium. A little celluloid stud between the handles by which the bomb was lifted was arranged so as to be easily torn off and admit air to the inducive, which at once became active and set up radio-activity in the outer layer of the Carolinum sphere. This liberated fresh inducive, and so in a few minutes the whole bomb was a blazing continual explosion.”(Wells)
“Certainly it seems now that nothing could have been more obvious to the people of the earlier twentieth century than the rapidity with which war was becoming impossible. And as certainly they did not see it. They did not see it until the atomic bombs burst in their fumbling hands… All through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the amount of energy that men were able to command was continually increasing. Applied to warfare that meant that the power to inflict a blow, the power to destroy, was continually increasing. There was no increase whatever in the ability to escape… Destruction was becoming so facile that any little body of malcontents could use it”.(Wells) Before the last war began it was a matter of common knowledge that a man could carry about in a handbag an amount of latent energy sufficient to wreck half a city.
Wells viewed war as the unavoidable outcome of the Modern State.

Write 3 page essay on the topic Adult nursing.
Download file to see previous pages…Jane David is a 35-year-old female who presented with the complaint of feeling unwell for 2 to 3 weeks. On questioning, it appeared that her symptoms are vague. She complains of loss of energy and feeling generally unwell. On closer questioning, it was apparent that she has had some dysuria and frequency of micturition. She also states that she is now passing much less urine than her usual. It was also revealed that she is slightly nauseous and has no appetite. Despite these, she is feeling heavy. Student nurses suggested she has probably urinary tract infection (UTI).Symptomatic acute bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections treated by health care professionals. Cystitis accounts for most of these, whereas more than 100,000 patients are admitted to a hospital annually for acute pyelonephritis treatment. Women have many more UTIs than men. Bacteria ascending from the colonized urethra enter the bladder and perhaps the kidneys. The short length of the female urethra allows easier access by bacteria to the bladder. Contributing to contamination, the warm moist vulva and rectum are both in close proximity. Similarly, sexual intercourse increases bladder inoculation. Infections result from the interaction between bacteria and host. Bacterial virulence factors are important, as they enhance colonization and invasion of the lower and upper urinary tract. The principal virulence factor is increased adherence to either vaginal or uroepithelial cells. The bacterial species most frequently recovered from infected urine culture is Escherichia coli.
Bacterial cystitis almost always results from the entry of bacteria colonizing the anterior urethra and periurethral skin into the bladder. Hematogenous or lymphatic spread from sites of infection elsewhere is very unusual. The short female urethra is an insufficient anatomic barrier to the entry of urethral bacteria, which may be massaged easily into the bladder. This may explain the association of urinary tract infections and bacteriuria with sexual activity. Presumably, bacteria are massaged into the bladder during sexual intercourse. Once within the bladder, bacteria may ascend within the ureters, enhanced by vesicourethral reflux, into the renal pelvis and cause upper tract infection. The renal parenchyma also can be infected by blood-borne organisms, especially during staphylococcal bacteremia. Mycobacterium tuberculosis gains access to the kidney through this route and also perhaps by ascension.
Signs and Symptoms
There is a broad spectrum of symptoms in UTIs, ranging from patients who are completely asymptomatic to those with symptoms referable to the urethra, bladder, or both, and to those with the full-blown syndrome of acute pyelonephritis with fever and loin pain. Acute bacterial infection of the bladder is referred to as acute cystitis. Acute cystitis is characterized by inflammation limited to the superficial mucosal layer of the bladder. Patients with cystitis generally complain of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. Hematuria, low back pain, and lower abdominal pain also may be present. Fever and costovertebral-angle tenderness are both absent in most cases. Clinical signs and symptoms are notoriously inaccurate in localizing the site of infection, however, and up to 50% of women with symptoms and signs of cystitis on clinical examination are found to have silent renal infection.
Diagnoses
The most frequent presenting complaints in otherwise healthy, immunocompetent nonpregnant women are dysuria, frequency, urgency, and incontinence. For a culture specimen to be informative, it must be accurately collected. A “clean catch” midstream voided urine specimen is usually sufficient. It is mandatory that a patient understands the reasons for and the steps associated with urine specimen collection, which are designed to prevent contamination by other bacteria from the vulva, vagina, and/or rectum.