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how can you measure something that is not easily quantifiable?

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Psychology homework help
The center point of research studies is the body of data collected to answer the research question. These data must be measured, which is the act of taking an abstract concept (e.g., depression, anger, etc.), sorting them out and quantifying them in some cohesive way in order to construct meaning—but how can you measure something that is not easily quantifiable?
Choosing an appropriate measurement tool requires consideration of a number of different issues including reliability, validity, appropriateness for use with a specific group or culture, availability, and potential cost. Sometimes, social workers will attempt to create their own set of questions to tap into or measure a concept. This may appear to be an easy thing to do; however, writing questions to measure a phenomenon is more challenging than it would seem. For example, how do we know it measures what we want it to measure?  In the first discussion this week, you will have the opportunity to create your own questions to measure a phenomenon of your interest. In the second discussion, you will compare the measure you created with an existing instrument that measures the same phenomenon.
To prepare: Choose one phenomenon or issue that a client may be dealing with (for example, depression, anxiety, or family conflict). Consider how you would evaluate the client’s progress in this area. Create questions with response options that would capture this phenomenon or client issue.
Yegidis, B. L., Weinbach, R. W., & Myers, L. L.  (2018). Research methods for social workers (8th ed.). New York, NY:  Pearson.

  • Chapter 10, “Measurements Concepts and Issues” (pp. 223-245)
  • Chapter 11,” Methods for Acquiring Research Data” (pp. 246-275)
  • Chapter 12, “Data Collection Instruments” (pp. 277-294)

Distinguish the major theories of personality

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Psychology homework help
Discussion Questions I
All assignments MUST be typed and double-spaced, in APA style and must be written at graduate level English. The content, conciseness and clarity of your answers will be considered in the evaluation of your work. You must use and integrate the material presented in the course text and cite your work according to APA format. Use of outside resources can be used to enhance the text information, but cannot replace the text.
Respond to each question in 1-1 ½ pages per question.
Total assignment should be 4-6 pages total plus a Title and Reference Page
Do not copy the questions in your responses. See APA style on how to create Topic Headings.  Suggested Topic Headings follow each question.  You may use them or create your own.
Question One: The text discusses three main approaches to personality research:  case studies, experimental studies conducted in laboratory settings, and correlational studies.  If you were to conduct a research study today, which approach would you use and why?
Suggested Topic Heading:   Personality Research
Question Two: It has been said that psychoanalytic theory suffers from a number of cultural biases due to the limitations in kinds of patients seen and the Victorian era from which the concepts were originally derived. Which concepts or parts of the theory do you think could become a particular target for arguments of cultural bias?
Suggested Topic Heading:  Cultural Bias in Psychoanalytic Theory
Question Three: As you will see in subsequent chapters, many personality theorists developed ideas that differed markedly from those of Freud and the various neo-Freudian theorists.  What aspects of Freudian theory would you “least want to lose” in such developments – i.e., which features seem so important that they should be taken into account by any other personality theory?
Suggested Topic Heading: Positive Aspects of Freudian Theory
Question Four: Rogers proposed that the fundamental human motive is self-actualization: a positive, growth-oriented human motive.  That sounds like a very nice idea. And it is easy to think of cases in which people seem to be striving toward self-actualization.  But it naturally raises the question of how, in Rogerian theory, one could explain the personality of people who seem oriented toward evil rather than positively-oriented growth.  In other words, what about Hitler?  Mass murderers? Etc. How could one posit a self-actualization theory in the face of such cases?
Suggested Topic Heading:  Self-Actualization and Evil
Assignment Outcomes
Distinguish the major theories of personality
Contrast historical and current views of personality
Integrate evidence based treatment interventions
Combine current research to assessment and technique
Identify legal, ethical issues in theories of personality and psychotherapy
Examine issues of culture and diversity in theories and application
Must have turn it in
Cervone, D. & Pervin, L.A.   (2016).   Personality theory and research.   (13th ed.).   New York , NY   Wiley, John & Sons, Inc.    ISBN 9781118976296

the way drugs affect the brain

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Psychology homework help
Create a 7-12-slide PowerPoint Presentation about the way drugs affect the brain. Include the following in your presentation:

  1. Title and reference slide
  2. A description of the effects of addiction on the components of the central nervous system and other organs
  3. A description of the process of neurotransmission
  4. Detailed speaker notes that include what would be said if giving the presentation in person
  5. At least two scholarly sources

The presentation includes a comprehensive description of the effects of addiction on the components of the central nervous system and other organs.
The presentation includes a comprehensive description of the process of neurotransmission.
The presentation includes comprehensive speaker notes that give a complete picture of what would be said if the presentation were given in person.
The content is written clearly and concisely. Ideas universally progress and relate to each other. The project includes motivating questions and advanced organizers. The project gives the audience a clear sense of the main idea.
The layout is visually pleasing and contributes to the overall message with appropriate use of headings, subheadings, and white space. Text is appropriate in length for the target audience and to the point. The background and colors enhance the readability of the text.
The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope.
Writer is clearly in control of standard, written academic English.
Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

Benefits of soy diet or organic food diet on physical and cognitive development

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Psychology homework help
Consider the following: Many products, diets, and services are marketed to parents as beneficial to infant or toddler development. In order to increase sales to parents and caretakers, some companies use marketing strategies that make exaggerated, unfounded, or unrealistic claims about the effects of their product(s) on child development.
Select one claim that you suspect to be exaggerated or false (your research may in fact show the claim has validity). Describe in detail what the advertised product, diet, or service is supposed to do. Some examples include:

  • Educational videos related to language development
  • Effects of classical music on cognitive development
  • Benefits of soy diet or organic food diet on physical and cognitive development
  • Service promising to teach your 18-month-old how to read
  • Any other claim made by a manufacturer or service provider, aimed at enhancing infant or toddler development

Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper addressing the following:

  • What area or areas of development does the product, diet, or service claim to enhance?
  • Use the University Library to investigate the claim. What does the published literature say about the issue you are investigating? What does the research reveal about how to promote healthy development in this area? What does this reveal about the necessity and actual benefits of the product, diet, or service?
  • Is there any evidence to support the claim? Why or why not?
  • Imagine that a licensed psychologist in your state publically endorsed a product with no empirical evidence supporting its claims.  It was later discovered that the psychologist was receiving a percentage of money from the sale of the product to parents.  Is this a violation of the APA Code of Ethics?  Explain.  Be sure to cite the appropriate section or sections of the Code in your response.

Investigate the claim using your textbook and a minimum of four additional scholarly sources (such as peer reviewed journal articles).
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Note: You may not find a peer-reviewed journal article on a specific product, diet, or service. However, you will most likely be able to find peer-reviewed journal articles on the general issue that you are investigating. For example, if you are investigating educational videos that claim that cognitive skills in infancy are enhanced by using a particular approach or method, you can then review and evaluate studies that focus on enhancing cognitive skills in infancy. Review the evidence for and against the use of specific techniques and summarize your findings.