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Copyright © 2015 by SAGE Publications, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Printed in the United States of America.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Nahavandi, Afsaneh.
Organizational behavior / Afsaneh Nahavandi, University of San Diego, Robert B. Denhardt, University of Southern California, Janet V. Denhardt, University of Southern California, Maria P. Aristigueta, University of Delaware.
pages cm
ISBN 978-1-4522-7860-5 (hardcover)
1. Organizational behavior. I. Title. HD58.7.N338 2015 302.3′5—dc23 2013032049
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
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Brief Contents
PREFACE ABOUT THE AUTHORS
PART I: INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1: Introduction to Organizational Behavior: History, Trends, and Ethics
PART II: INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR AND CHARACTERISTICS
Chapter 2: Culture and Diversity: Developing a Cultural Mindset Chapter 3: Self-Awareness, Personality, Emotions, and Values Chapter 4: Perception and Attribution Chapter 5: Motivation and Engagement Chapter 6: Managing Stress Chapter 7: Fostering Creativity and Innovation
PART III: GROUP AND TEAM PROCESSES
Chapter 8: Decision Making Chapter 9: Communicating Effectively With Others Chapter 10: Working in Groups and Teams Chapter 11: Managing Conflict and Negotiation Chapter 12: Leadership: Classic to Contemporary
PART IV: ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT
Chapter 13: Organizational Power and Politics Chapter 14: Organizational Strategy and Structure Chapter 15: Organizational Culture and Change
GLOSSARY PHOTO CREDITS AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX
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Detailed Contents
PREFACE ABOUT THE AUTHORS
PART I. INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1. Introduction to Organizational Behavior: History, Trends, and Ethics What Is Organizational Behavior?
Individual, Group, and Organizational Levels of Analysis Social, Economic, and Ethical Context
A Brief History of Organizational Behavior The Classical Period The Humanistic Period Modern Organizational Behavior
Current Trends in Organizational Behavior Positive Organizational Behavior Neuroscience and Organizational Behavior
People Skills in Management Differentiating Between Managers and Leaders What Managers Do What Leaders Do Influence of Managers
Creativity and Change in a Global Society Creativity and Change A Global Society
Global Society: Global Ambassadors Mentor Emerging Women Leaders Across the Globe The Ethical Environment
Personal Integrity A Cultural Mindset Social Responsibility
Creativity and Change: Do Well, Do Good, or Do Both? Global Sustainability
Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
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PART II. INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR AND CHARACTERISTICS
Chapter 2. Culture and Diversity: Developing a Cultural Mindset What Is Culture and Why Does It Matter?
Defining Culture Characteristics of Culture Three Levels of Culture The Cultural Iceberg: What We Know and What We Don’t Know Sophisticated Stereotypes
Diversity in Today’s Workplace Primary and Secondary Dimensions of Diversity Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity Legal Considerations Gender Diversity
Global Society: DeLoitte Builds Diversity Generational Diversity
National Culture Hall’s Cultural Context Framework Hofstede’s Five Cultural Dimensions Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness—GLOBE
Culture and Individual Behavior Developing a Cultural Mindset Creativity and Change: Responding to Cultural Differences
Cultural Mindset Components The Cultural Mindset in Organizations
Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 3. Self-Awareness, Personality, Emotions, and Values Understanding Individual Differences
Influence of Individual Differences: Behavioral Range Why Is Self-Awareness Important?
Skills and Abilities Skills Abilities
Creativity and Change: The Musical Instrument Museum Emotions
Emotional Intelligence Emotions in the Workplace
Personality Traits Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI)
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Big Five Personality Traits Narcissism Proactive Personality
Values The Importance of Values
Global Society: The Right Way to Apologize Developing Self-Awareness Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 4. Perception and Attribution What Is Perception?
Perception Process Culture and Perception
The Three Stages of Perception Attention Stage Organization Stage
Global Society: Heineken’s PR Challenge Interpretation and Judgment Stage
The Attribution Process Information We Use to Make Attributions Making Attributions About Our Own behavior
Perceptual Biases Fundamental Attribution Error Stereotypes Halo-Horns and Similarity Effects Primacy and Recency Self-Serving Bias Difficulty in Overcoming Biases Managing Biases
Creativity and Change: Speaking of Leadership … Masculine or Feminine? Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 5. Motivation and Engagement Approaches to Motivation
Why Does Motivation Matter? Need Theories Expectancy Theory
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Global Society: Motivation at Semco Goal Theories Equity Theory Reinforcement, Reward, and Punishment
Current Debates and Perspectives Motivation and Life Stages “Anti-Motivation” Theories
Trust and Engagement Creativity and Change: General Stanley McChrystal Creativity and Engagement Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 6. Managing Stress Defining Stress
The General Adaptation Syndrome The Consequences and Costs of Stress Stress: Good, Bad, and Ugly
Sources of Stress Individual Factors Organizational Factors
Creativity and Change: A Top Management Team Under Stress Coping With and Managing Stress
Personal Strategies Global Society: Nokia’s Culture
Organizational Strategies Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 7. Fostering Creativity and Innovation The Importance of Creativity and Innovation What Is Creativity?
Views of Creativity Characteristics of Creative Individuals Conceptual Skills and Abilities Creativity as Behavior Creativity as a Process An Integrated Perspective on Creativity
The Creative Process
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Roles in the Creative Process Social and Structural Factors
Impediments to Creativity Defining the Problem Incorrectly Judging Ideas Too Quickly Stopping at the First Acceptable Idea Lack of Support Hostility to Sharing Knowledge
Fostering Creativity in Organizations Creativity and Change: Implementing Innovative Ideas: Sol and Robert Price
Challenging Work Supportive Supervision Organizational and Work Group Culture
Global Society: Alessi Embraces Failure Workload Pressures and Resources Positive Emotions
Fostering Creativity: Techniques and Tools The Idea Box or Matrix Analysis Synectics Mindmapping Design Thinking
Enhancing Your Personal Creativity Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
PART III. GROUP AND TEAM PROCESSES
Chapter 8. Decision Making Defining Decision Making
Levels of Decision Making Decision Making and Problem Solving Bottlenecks in Decision Making Why Decisions Fail
Ethical Decision Making Generating Alternatives Creativity and Change: Cirque du Soleil Implementing Good Decisions Models of Decision Making
The Rational Model The Organizational Process Model
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The Collaborative Model Other Decision Making Models
Global Society: Asia’s Scottish Company Who Should Be Involved in Decision Making?
Involving the Group to Prevent Poor Decisions Levels of Participation and Styles of Decision Making Diversity: Opportunities and Challenges for Decision Making
Techniques for Making Decisions The Decision-Making Primer Focus Groups Brainstorming Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Nominal Group Technique Evidence-Based Management
Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 9. Communicating Effectively With Others Defining Communication The Communication Process Improving Interpersonal Communication
Barriers to Effective Communication Oral Communication
Global Society: Avon’s Global Reach Active Listening Supportive Communication Dialogue
Creativity and Change: Three Lessons in Contemporary Communications Electronic Communication
Specialized Forms of Communication Persuasive Communication Coaching and Personal Counseling Conducting Effective Meetings Writing Memos, Reports, and Proposals
Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 10. Working in Groups and Teams Defining Groups and Teams
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Structural Issues in Groups and Teams Group Size and Composition Roles and Norms Cohesion, Conformity, and Deviance
Global Society: Management With Traditional Roots Developing Teams
The Forming Stage The Norming Stage The Storming Stage The Performing Stage Characteristics of Effective Teams
Types of Teams Top Management Teams Project Teams Process-Improvement Teams Cross-Functional Teams Self-Directed Teams
Creativity and Change: The Chilean Mine Disaster Virtual Teams
Helping Teams Become Effective Clear Goals Building Cohesion and Managing Diversity Developing Trust Team Leadership Training Managing Team Conflict Reward Structure Organizational Structure Building an Ethical and Collaborative Culture
Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 11. Managing Conflict and Negotiation Defining Conflict
Views of Conflict Consequences of Conflict Types and Levels of Conflict
Culture and Conflict Sources of Conflict
Personal Sources of Conflict
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Organizational Sources of Conflict Creativity and Change: Helping Relationships Managing Conflict
Two General Approaches Individual Conflict Management Styles Preventing and Reducing Conflict Increasing or Stimulating Conflict
Negotiating The Negotiation Process Ethics and Negotiation Culture and Negotiation
Global Society: Cross-Cultural Negotiations Common Mistakes in Negotiation Negotiation Strategies
Summary and Applications for Managers Key Terms Exercises Cases
Chapter 12. Leadership: Classic to Contemporary Thinking About Leadership Traditional Approaches to Leadership
The Trait Approach The Behavior Approach The Contingency Approach
Contemporary Approaches to Leadership From Traits to Skills and Competencies The Transformational Approach Value-Based Leadership Authentic Leadership Shared Leadership Collaborative Leadership Positive Leadership Emotions and Leadership
Creativity and Change: Fully Human Leadership The Ethics of Leadership Global Society: Leading the Global Fund for Women
The Follower Leadership, Morality, and Globalization Ethical Issues
Creative Leadership Summary and Applications for Managers
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