What percentage of the base pairs are altered each day?

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Problem Set 6 – Problems on Gene Expression/Repair and Protein Synthesis/Degradation (3

problems):

16. The DNA in a human non-gametic cell contains 6 billion base pairs. It is estimated that

about 10,000 DNA changes occur in each cell in one day. These are quickly repaired so that

only a few (1 to 5) mutations accumulate in one cell in a year.

a. What percentage of the base pairs are altered each day?

b. What percentage of the DNA changes that occur in one cell in one year escape

the proofreading and repair process – calculate this in both cases: if 1 mutation

accumulates in one cell per year, and if 5 mutations accumulate in one cell per

year?

Description/explanation of possible solutions, (c) Use/understanding of core class concepts, (d) Integration of multiple concepts from the class, and (e) Use of correct grammar, spelling and composition conventions

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“Explain what you consider to the primary threat to the survival of Mark Watney on Mars.” Be sure to use the fundamental physical and physiological principles we have covered in this class in your essay.
Notes: (1) The software for Blackboard Learn will run your essay through a digital comparison with published sources, online sources, and the material of other students, so please be sure to use your own words and do not cut and paste material from any other source. If the essay you submit has substantial overlap with other sources, points will be subtracted from your final score. (2) This essay is worth 10 points toward your final grade. You will start out with 0 points; the relevant points and information you provide in the essay will cumulatively add points to your score. Misinformation or irrelevant material may cause points to be subtracted from your score. (3) This assignment will be graded on (a) Description of the problem, (b) Description/explanation of possible solutions, (c) Use/understanding of core class concepts, (d) Integration of multiple concepts from the class, and (e) Use of correct grammar, spelling and composition conventions

.Which of the following is not a good way to evaluate weight in children? (Points : 1) Growth charts

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Question

Main Question 1.1.Lenny is 3¾ years old. He was 20 inches long when he was born. He is now 35 inches tall. Is Lenny growing at the proper rate? (Points : 1)

Yes

No

Question 2.2.Which of the following is not a good way to evaluate weight in children? (Points : 1)

Growth charts

BMI

Rate of growth

Iron level

Question 3.3.Regina is 8 years old and is obese. Which of the following recommendations is not appropriate to help Regina attain a healthy weight? (Points : 1) Increase her activity level

Reduce the fat content in her milk from whole milk to low-fat milk

Reduce her calorie intake by 300 calories per day

Encourage her to eat more fruits and vegetables

Question 4.4.Raymond suffers from iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following reasons is not a possible explanation for the anemia? (Points : 1)

Raymond follows a vegetarian diet

Raymond has lead toxicity

Raymond is not consuming enough Vitamin B12

Raymond consumes most of his calories from juice

Question 5.5.Which of the following likely most influences the food choices of teenagers? (Points : 1)

Nutritional recommendations

Peer pressure

Parent suggestions

Calorie content

Question 6.6.A diet adequate in fiber can help prevent all of the following in older adults except: (Points : 1)

Hemorrhoids

Diverticulosis

Constipation

Osteoporosis

Question 7.7.As people age, their kidneys become less efficient. This can lead to ______. (Points : 1)

Decreased thirst

Diverticulitis

Dehydration

Diabetes

Question 8.8.Gertrude is 81 years old and has multiple medical conditions. She has been experiencing dizziness and diarrhea for a few months. This began after a doctor’s appointment and her doctor prescribed a new medication. What might be the cause of Gertrude’s symptoms? (Points : 1)

Dehydration

Arthritis

Frailty

Medications

Question 9.9.As children grow, energy and protein needs per kilogram of body weight _______. (Points : 1)

Increase

Decrease

Stay constant

Alternate

Question 10.10.Which nutrients are of the greatest concern during childhood and adolescence in terms of dietary adequacy? (Points : 1)

Iron and calcium

Calcium and vitamin B12

Iron and vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 and vitamin D

Question 11.11.Physiological changes that occur in the elderly impacting nutrient intake include which of the following? (Points : 1)

Decline in muscle mass

Lack of physical activity

Decline in immunes system’s ability

All of the above

Question 12.12.Dental caries in children are related to the prolonged contact between sugar and bacteria on the surface of the teeth. (Points : 1)

True

False

Question 13.13.Taking multiple medications by the elderly can compromise nutrition status by which of the following? (Points : 1)

Interfering with taste

Causing gastrointestinal upset

Decreasing nutrient absorption

All of the above

Question 14.14.The recommended dietary allowances for calcium in adolescents is: (Points : 1)

1000 mg/day

1300 mg/day

800 mg/day

Question 15.15.Watching television can influence caloric balance for children as it impacts the calorie intake as well as activity level. (Points : 1)

True

False

 

 

Explain why the article caught your attention. Relate the article to your life and to issues that are important to you

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Select an article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in it that pertains to biology. This will serve as the “target article” for this assignment. For instance, you can select an article about medicine, invasive species, nature, conservation, genetic technology, ecology, or any other topic that is related to biology. One purpose of this assignment is to help you become aware of how biology is related to your everyday life.

Write a one to three (1-3) page paper in which you:

Summarize the article in one (1) or more paragraphs, using your own words. Be sure to identify the article using an in-text citation in the body of the paper, as well as a reference in the reference section.
Explain how the article relates to this course. Identify which biological concepts from the course and / or text are relevant to the topic covered in the article. Citing the course text, discuss the ways in which this course does (or doesn’t) provide background information to help you understand the article and the larger issues surrounding it.
Explain why the article caught your attention. Relate the article to your life and to issues that are important to you. Discuss how or if the scientific knowledge about the topic covered in the article affects you directly or indirectly.
Discuss your opinion on how research on this topic should be funded. State whether you think taxpayer monies should support research on this topic or whether such research in this area should be funded by the private sector. Rate the importance of research on this topic, relative to other areas of research.
In addition to the target article, you should use at least one additional resource, such as your textbook or another article. You must have a reference section which contains an APA reference to your chosen article and all other sources. Additionally, you must provide in-text citations (in APA format) to your references in the body of the text. Integrate all sources into your paper using proper techniques of quoting, paraphrasing and summarizing, along with your in-text citations.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Use technology and information resources to research issues in biology.
Write clearly and concisely about biology using proper writing mechanics.