Plants have a very unique anatomy, what parts of the plant are male and what parts are female?

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Chapter 8:

Plants have a very unique anatomy, what parts of the plant are male and what parts are female?

Chapter 9:

What stages of development occur before the fertilized egg reaches the uterus?

What are some of the examples of biotechnology that have made improvements to your life?

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Background Information

Biotechnology allows the use of living organisms or their processes for human needs or purposes. Currently, this topic includes such general examples as cloning, stem cells (adult, umbilical cord, and embryonic), DNA fingerprinting, biological warfare, bioremediation, genetically modified organisms, vaccines, and transgenic plants and animals to name a few. In this assignment, you will explore specific examples of biotechnology applications.

Part 1

Biotechnology is the use of a living thing or any part of a living thing to make a product or process that improves human life. For this part of the assignment, discuss the following:

  • What are some of the examples of biotechnology that have made improvements to your life?
  • Describe how one of these has made your life better.
  • Do you have any concerns with biotechnology? Explain.

Part 2

In 2008, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved food derived from cloned animals. In addition, these products will not need to be labeled as “cloned” or “from clones” (Black, 2008). The FDA explains that you will not be eating the clone itself. It takes thousands of dollars to clone a food animal such as a cow or pig. Animals that are cloned for improved food production will be used for a breeding program to produce many offspring with the desirable traits for increased meat or milk yield. These offspring of the clones will be fair game for food. Discuss the following:

  • Do you think there are differences between a clone and a “normal” animal?
  • How do you feel about eating a cloned animal?
  • Is your opinion of eating a cloned plant different?

Provide references in APA format. This includes a reference list and in-text citations for references used throughout the assignment.

Reference

Black, R. (2008). U.S. approves animal clones as food. Retrieved from the BBC News Web site: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7190305.stm

What type of relationship is found between the Gelada monkeys and Ethiopian wolves?

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Those that can maximize their efficiency at production will succeed over those that cannot. Let’s look at how the principles of economics determine production costs and the role that these costs play in the success of a business. (Complete the production costs tutorial before you proceed).

Case Assignment

In module one you were first introduced to communities. Organisms within communities interact primarily through the following ways: competition, predation and symbiosis. View the following PowerPoint on Interaction Between Communities (be sure to open the file in full view for audio capability). Read about the unusual relationship documented between Ethiopian wolves and Gelada monkeys at the website below and then answer the following questions:

Luntz, S. (2015). Symbiotic Partnership Between Monkeys and Wolves Discovered IFLScience. Accessed on August 16, 2016 at http://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkey-wolf-symbiosis/.

  1. What type of relationship is found between the Gelada monkeys and Ethiopian wolves?
  2. Follow the link within the article to read the full-length study. What are the short-term and long-term benefits for each species as a result of their relationship?
  3. What are some of the costs for each of the species as a result of their mutual relationship?
  4. Do you think their relationship could change if resources became scarce? Why or why not?

Part II

Now consider the production costs to extinct businesses: choose one of the following: Kodak, Borders or Blockbuster. Do some independent research and use the production cost tutorial from the overview above to address these questions:

  1. What were the fixed and variable costs for this business?
  2. What were some of their long-run costs?
  3. Who were their competitors?
  4. What were the factors that contributed to the decision to shut down production?
  5. Do you think your chosen company could have been successful by adapting a mutually beneficial partnership, similar to organisms in the wild? Why or why not?

 

Assignment Expectations

For this Case Assignment, answer all questions using full sentences and use Part I and Part II as your headings to organize your paper. The length of this assignment should be 3–4 pages.

You are provided with many scholarly references to complete this assignment. Include a References section that lists these and any additional sources you used in APA forma

How can the trade between these organisms benefit our economy and land use?

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Scientists believe that this symbiosis may have been key to the success of plants on land. Begin your introduction to this symbiosis at the Compost Gardener, and be sure to view their video. Next, proceed to this site maintained by the University of Western Australia, School of Plant Biology: http://mycorrhizas.info/vam.html to complete your research and locate important images for your SLP assignment.

Using the resources provided above, develop a PowerPoint presentation that includes the following:

Slides 1–3

Compose a brief overview of the structure and function of plant roots. Include definitions and images of these terms: epidermis, exodermis, cortex, endodermis, and root hairs. You can refer to the following resource:
Roots:
http://mycorrhizas.info/root.html

Slides 4–10

Provide an explanation of the symbiosis between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots. Include definitions and explanation of the differences between Arbuscular mycorrhiza and Ectomycorrhizal fungi using the following images:

mycorrhizal fungi image 1.pdf

mycorrhizal fungi image 2.pdf

Ectomycorrhizal Associations.pdf

And the websites: http://mycorrhizas.info/vam.html

http://www.the-compost-gardener.com/plant-fungi.html

Slides 11–15

Discussion of the costs and benefits associated with this trade arrangement using the following resources:

Terms of Trade.ppt

Walder, F., Niemann, H., Natarajan, M., Lehmann, M. F., Boller, T. & Wiemken, A. Mycorrhizal Networks: Common Goods of Plants Shared under Unequal Terms of Trade. Plant Physiology. 2012. 159:789–797. Accessed on August 8, 2014, at http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/159/2/789.full

Slide 16

Now view information by Green Economy about a company that markets this symbiosis. Read more about mycorrhizae and Mycorrhizal Applications, Inc. at their website http://mycorrhizae.com/.

  • How can the trade between these organisms benefit our economy and land use?

Slide 17—References 

SLP Assignment Expectations

For this SLP assignment you will develop a PowerPoint Presentation that is 18–20 slides in length and addresses the requirements outlined above