Ecological Conservation.

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This essay assignment is about Ecological Conservation.
Choose from the following topics:
Plastic and the Pacific Garbage Patch
Carbon foot print of beef: What did it take to make 1 hamburger?
Ocean acidification & warming, and sea star wasting disease
Efficiency of recycling: where does it all go?
What places have already been lost to rising sea levels and what can we do about it?
Instructions:
Research and summarize the problem;
Describe the direct and indirect role of humans;
Discuss long-term and short-term consequences;
Provide a solution(s).
Essay should be 500-550 words (excluding references).
Like previous assignments, include a very brief abstract of only 2-3 sentences maximum.
Cite at least 2 original research references. Use APA formatting.

Ecology paper

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Ecology paper

Sheet1

Phylum Class Common Name Genus Counts Totals
Brachiopoda Brachiopods Devonochonetes 44 204
Tropidoleptus 40
Chonetes 25 Brachiopods Pelecypods All Molluscs
Leiorhyncus 16 Total counts 204 49 65
Protoleptostrophia 14 Richness
Eodevonaria 11 Shannon diversity index
Mucospirifer 9 eH
Pustulatia 8 Evenness
Tylothyris 6 % Dominant Taxon
Ptychomaletoechia 5
Cupulorostrum 4
Cyrtospirifer 4
Schuchertella 4 Guidelines: For this paper, do the diversity calculations above for
Spinocyrtia 4 the three general groupings listed. The comparison between
Atrypa 3 brachiopods and pelecypods (clams) is particularly interesting since
Leptaena 2 their similarity in lifestyles and filter-feeding make them competitors.
Productella 2 Do some research on the various invertebrates groups and attempt to
Athyris 1 describe the relations that might have occured between these groups
Orbiculoidea 1 as they functioned in the marine community that existed here.
Spinatrypa 1 Pay attention to reproduction strategies, predator/ prey relations
Mollusca Bivalvia Pelecypods (Clams) Orthonota 10 49 (if any), competetive relations, feeding strategies, and even
Nuculites 7 potential mutualistic relations. Given this collection of
Praecardium 6 organisms, what kinds of abiotic conditions would have been
Leiopteria 5 necessary for survival? You should use legitimate on-line
Nuculoidea 5 sources or books in the lab or in the library. I’m asking you
Modiomorpha 4 to take a stab at working in the field of paleoecology even if
Pseudaviculopectin 4 it’s only at an amateur level. I’m not looking for a book on
Grammysioidea 2 the traits of each organism. I’m interested in the relationships
Mytilarca 2 between groups and their general niches in the ecosystem. Many
Palaeoneilo 2 may serve very similar functions in the ecosystem and can be
Actinopteria 1 considered as a single group in your discussion. I suspect that will be
Paracylas 1 the case for the brachiopods and the pelecypods.
Gastropoda Gastropods (Snails) Tropidodiscus 6 13
Bembexia 4
Cyclonema 1
Holopea 1
Platyceras 1
Cephalopoda Cephalopods Striacoceras 3 3
Cnidaria Anthozoa Corals Pleurodictyum 2 3
Favosites 1
Bryozoa Gymnolaemata Bryozoans Fenestella 6 6
Arthropoda Trilobita Trilobites* Trimerus 2 5
Greenops 1
Phacops 2
Echinodermata Crinoidea Crinoids (Sea Lilies) Columnals 21 21
Annelida Polychaeta Polychaete worm? Zoophycos (trace fossil) 4 4
* I added some trilobite numbers from earlier trips, since trilobites in general are pretty rare.

 The Trouble with Chicken

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Epidemiology week 5:2
Instructions
Watch the listed video in its entirety, them answer the five questions below:
5-2 Video – The Trouble with Chicken
Based on the information in this video, Meridian Diagnostics Inc. decided to produce an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA test kit) to screen for presence of Salmonella heidelberg, so patients who became sickened, could be diagnosed quickly and treated. Patient blood samples could be tested for presence of the S. heidelberg bacteria as opposed to other Genera and species of bacteria.
1. With this information, by constructing a 2-by-2 table, calculate the predictive-value positive and predictive-value negative of the EIA in a hypothetical population of 1,000,000 blood donors. Using a separate 2-by-2 table, calculate PVP and PVN for a population of 1000 ill patients. Assume that the actual prevalence of S. heidelberg among blood donors is 0.04% (0.0004) and that of people who ate Foster’s chicken is 10.0% (0.10).
2. Do you think that the EIA is a good screening test for the hospital? Why or why not?
3. Do you think that the EIA performs well enough to justify using the test outcomes in court cases? Why or why not?
4. If sensitivity and specificity remain constant, what is the relationship of prevalence to predictive-value positive and predictive-value negative?
Given their success with the EIA for S. heidelberg, Meridian Diagnostics decided to perfect their design, and use it to produce an EIA to test for E. coli O157 H7.
5. With this information, by constructing a 2-by-2 table, calculate the predictive-value positive and predictive-value negative of the EIA in a hypothetical population of 500,000 blood donors. Using a separate 2-by-2 table, calculate PVP and PVN for a population of 600 ill patients. Assume that the actual prevalence of E. coli among blood donors is 0.02% (0.0002) and that of people who ate Jack-In-the-Box hamburgers is 15.0% (0.15).
It is recommended that you construct your response in a Word document.

Meningitis

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Meningitis

Patient A:Two weeks after arriving at the Army recruit camp at Ford Ord, California, 20-year-old Private Phillip Edwards developed a fever, headache, and felt a pain in his neck each time he moved his neck.When he arrived at the hospital, a physical exam revealed a petechial rash on his lower extremities. A lumbar puncture was performed for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. My notes should include these  Final diagnosis, treatment plan (what medications would you give, if any?), recommendations (stay home from work/school? avoid sexual contact? etc…)  and prognosis.   Just put about the treatment plan for a patient with bacterial meningitis caused Neisseria menigitidis as well as the prognosis or what is likely the outcome of his treatment and his future. And only refer to the patients symptoms that came with the paper