What do you believe is the most difficult challenge pharmacists will face in the coming years?

Location

1310 Club Drive, Mare Island/Vallejo, California 94592

Touro University California

Established in 1997, Touro University California offers graduate degrees in osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, physician assistant studies, nursing, public health and education. The mission of Touro University is to educate caring professionals to serve, to lead and to teach. Students from diverse backgrounds are recruited nationally to create a dynamic, robust learning environment.

The Touro College and University System is comprised of Jewish-sponsored non-profit institutions of higher and professional education. Touro College was chartered in 1970 primarily to enrich the Jewish heritage, and to serve the larger American community. Approximately 19,000 students are currently enrolled in its various schools and divisions. Touro College has branch campuses, locations and instructional sites in the New York area, as well as branch campuses and programs in Berlin, Jerusalem, Moscow, Paris, and Florida. Touro University California and its Nevada branch campus, as well as Touro College Los Angeles and Touro University Worldwide, are separately accredited institutions within the Touro College and University System.

Reasons to attend Touro College of Pharmacy 

· Opportunity to be a part of the Touro University College of Pharmacy’s accredited PharmD Program.

· 2+2 curriculum provides an additional year of clerkships to produce a clinically mature graduate.

· Small class size creates strong personal relationships with professors and classmates.

· Each incoming class is organized into teams that work together on active learning projects.

· Unique Pharmacy Learning Center combines interactive and technologically advanced classroom and discussion spaces.

· Bay Area location provides easy access to San Francisco and other Bay Area cultural, sports and outdoor attractions.

· Close-by pharmacy practice experiences occur within a 45-mile radius of the campus.

· Integrated curriculum makes the connections between scientific knowledge and pharmacy practice.

· Extended 19-week semesters decompress the learning experience.

· Laptop program promotes the widespread use of the Internet and other computer-based educational resources.

· Questions?

Anthony Williams, Recruiter & Outreach Specialist

Tel – (707) 373-4421  |  Email –  anthony.williams@tu.edu

 Mission Statement – 

· To benefit society through its programs in pharmacy education, research, scholarship, and service. 

· To prepare our students to become competent, caring and ethical pharmacists dedicated to optimizing health care outcomes.

· To develop students and faculty to be leaders and provide them with the tools to practice effectively and be role models in a wide variety of professional settings. 

· To promote life-long learning in a culture of collegiality, respect, and diversity.

 Vision – 

· Touro University California – inspirational teaching and scholarship, transformative leadership, exemplary service.

 Goals –

· Produce pharmacists who possess the competencies necessary for the provision of pharmacist-delivered patient care, including medication therapy management services.

· Develop faculty, student, and alumni leaders who will accept responsibility for providing care, advance the practice of pharmacy and its contributions to society and represent the pharmacy profession to other health professions and the public.

· Promote the professional development of our faculty in teaching, research and other scholarly activities, and service.

· Practice continuous quality improvement through assessment and evaluation of desired outcomes in all phases of operations.

· Foster a learning environment that promotes critical thinking and is responsive to the diverse learning style of students.

· Sustain a culture of equity, respect, and understanding by recruiting faculty, staff and students who are diverse.

· Incorporate collegiality as a central value in relationships among and between faculty, students and other health professionals.

· Utilize informatics and technology as a means to advance pharmacy practice and improve health care outcomes.

· Instill a commitment to life-long learning, through participation in professional organizations, professional exchanges, publications, and professional development.

· Be recognized locally, nationally, and internationally for excellence in our endeavors.

Our Viewbooks

· Touro University California

· Touro University California – College of Pharmacy

Mare Island

Mare Island, nestled on the northerly extension of San Francisco Bay, embraces a history that spans more than 150 years. In 1854, this historical site was the first permanent U.S. Navy installation on the West Coast, established on the island under the leadership of Commander David G. Farragut. The Mare Island Base Hospital, a National Historic Landmark, was constructed in 1899 on the foundation of an even older navy hospital; this Beaux Arts-style building still stands today on campus. Since the mid-19th century, naval workers built more than 500 ships on the island, including the first U.S. warship built on the West Coast, and the only U.S. battleship ever built on the West Coast, the California.

The federal government closed the Naval Station in 1993. Six years later, Touro College moved the newly founded College of Osteopathic Medicine from San Francisco to a site on the southern portion of the base. The 44-acre property with its 23 buildings provided ample space for the university’s continued growth. Historic buildings on campus honor the naval history: Farragut Inn, the former Officer’s Club, now houses the university admissions department; Wilderman Hall, built in the Mission Revival style and named after Commander Alvin Wilderman, was once Bachelor’s Officers Quarters and is now administrative offices.

The story of Mare Island is truly one of turning swords into plowshares, from building warships to teaching leaders in education and healing. As home to Touro University California, Mare Island is yet again making history.

Pharmacology BIO 107

Homework #3

1) Do inhibitory neurotransmitters activate or inhibit receptors? Inhibit receptors

2) What is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain? gaba

3) What is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain? glutamate

4) What is different between GABAA receptors and GABAB receptors? GABAa- ion channels GABAb- metabotrophic receptor

5) How is GABA terminated? reuptake into both presynaptic nerve terminals and surrounding glial cells.

6) What is the receptor for Glutamate? What kind of receptor is it? Ionotrophic an ion channel

7) How is Glutamate terminated?  the synaptic cleft by excitatory amino-acid transporters

8) What role does dopamine play in the brain? Neurotransmitter that releases a “happy” chemical

9) Dopamine works via what kind of receptors? D1,D2,D3,D4,D5

10) How is the dopamine signal terminated?  reuptake back into the presynaptic neuron

11) What role does serotonin play in the brain? regulate anxiety, happiness, and mood

12) Serotonin is synthesized from what?  amino acid L-Tryptophan

13) What kind of receptors are there for serotonin? 5-hydroxytryptamine

14) How is the serotonin signal terminated?  reuptake or enzymatic breakdown

15) Will the inhibition of a serotonin reuptake inhibitor lead to sleepiness? A depressed mood? Yes; no

16) What is the role of a presynaptic serotonin receptor? inhibiting release of 5HT into the synaptic  cleft

17) What is the difference between SSRIs and SNRIs? SNRIs work slightly differently than SSRIs, though both increase the amount of serotonin available in the bloodstream. While SSRIs only block the reuptake of serotonin, SNRIs can also be used for pain relief and are more effective for different types of depression

18) What do tricycle antidepressants bind to? What is the result?

19) What does monoamine oxidase do?  breaks down norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine

20) What happens when you inhibit MAO? norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine are not broken down, increasing the concentration of all three neurotransmitters in the brain

21) What must you warn patients about? Possible side effects

22) How does lithium work? help strengthen nerve cell connections in brain regions that are involved in regulating mood, thinking and behavior

23) Describe the mechanism of action and indication and how they are related for the following drugs:

a. Cymbalta

b. Effexor

c. Nardil

d. bupropion (Wellbutrin)

e. imipramine (Trofranil)

f. sertraline (Zoloft)

g. Lexapro (escitalopram)

h. Paxil

i. Buspirone (BuSpar)

24) What do CNS depressants do?  act on the brain by increasing activity of GABA, a chemical that slows brain activity

25) What are the 4 classes of CNS depressants? Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, stimulants

26) How does methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) work? How does this relate to the role of dopamine? increasing the availability of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in your CNS connections

27) What receptor do barbiturates bind to? What do they do?

28) What receptor do benzodiazepines bind to? What do they do?

29) What is lorazepam and how does it work?

30) What are barbiturates used to treat?

31) What are benzodiazepines used to treat?

32) How does Xanax work? How does this relate to the role of GABA in the brain?

33) What is Nembutal and how does it work?

34) What is zolpidem (Ambien) and how does it work?

35) What are the classes of antidepressants? (table 16.1)

36) How do the side effects of SNRIs relate to the roles of the neurotransmitters affected?

37) How do the side effects of MAOIs relate to the roles of the neurotransmitters affected?

38) What are the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

39) What receptor does schizophrenia seem to be associated with? How does this relate to the role of this neurotransmitter in the brain?

40) What are the conventional antipsychotic drugs and how do they work?

41) What are the Atypical antipsychotic drugs and how do they work?

42) Describe extrapyramidal side effects

43) What is haloperidol and how does it work?

Seizures

Known Causes:

Special considerations for Pregnancy:

Definition of Epilepsy:

Antiseizure pharmacotherapy

Goal:

Three mechanisms:

Barbiturates

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug:

GABA potentiating agents

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug: topiramate (Topamax)

Benzodiazepines

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug:

Hydantoins

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug”

Phenytoin-like Drugs

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug:

What is the process for withdrawl of Antiseizure Medicaitons?

Neuromuscular Disorders

Ions involved in functioning of muscles are:

Define:

Pharmacological Treatment of muscle spasm

Therapeutic goals are:

Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug:

Direct-Acting Antispasmodics

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Prototype drug:

Nondepolarizing blockers

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Indication:

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Prototype drug:

Depolarizing Blockers

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Primary Use:

Prototype drug: Succinylcholine

Degenerative Disease of the Nervous System

Parkinson’s Disease

Symptoms:

Causes of Symptoms:

Neurotransmitters involved:

Drug Therapy for Parkinsonism

Goals of Pharmacotherapy:

Dopaminergic agents:

Mechanism of action (molecular)

Levodopa –

Carbidopa-

Tolcapone

Ropinirole

Amantadine

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action

Anticholinergic agents

Mechanism of action (molecular)

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action

Prototype Drug:

COMT Inhibitors

Mechanism of action (molecular)

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action

Alzheimer’s Disease

Symptoms:

Possible causes of symptoms:

Structural Damage in the Brain:

Goals of Pharmacotherapy:

Available Agents

AchEI

Donepezil

Mechanism of action (molecular):

Common side effects and relation to mechanism of action:

Brain

6

1

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School of Health Professions, Science and Wellness

Department of Nursing

Clinical Care Plan

Student: _________________________________ Date: ______________________________

Submission of clinical care plan on due date (5 Points)

Instructor: ______________________________ Clinical Course: ______________________

Client’s Code Name: ___________ Age: _________ Gender: ________

Primary Medical Diagnosis: ____________________________________________________

Secondary Medical Diagnoses: __________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Present Surgery (if applicable): _____________________ Date of Surgery: ______________

Allergies and Symptoms They Cause: _____________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Height: ________ Weight: _________

Code Status: ________________________

Section I

General Data, Health History, and Review of Systems

( 10 Points)

Biographical Data:

Chief Complaint:

History of Present Illness (Detailed):

Past Medical/Surgical and Injury History:

Sociocultural History (alcohol, tobacco, drugs, ADLs, marital status, children, religion, culture, ethnic group, and education):

Spiritual Well-Being:

Family History of Illness:

Immunization History:

Developmental Stage in Life:

Description of Procedures (Surgeries) Performed this Admission:

Review of Systems – brief history of each system and use abbreviated format, not complete sentences

General:

Psychiatric:

Skin, hair, and nails:

Lymph nodes:

HEENT (head, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, throat):

Neck:

Blood:

Breasts:

Cardiovascular:

Respiratory:

GI:

GU:

Musculoskeletal:

Neurologic:

Endocrine:

Section II

In this section, the student must address a description of the disease process including etiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms and standard treatment including medication, surgery, etc. (This section should be used to describe the textbook explanation of the disease and compare it with the patient’s picture of his/her disease condition. Attach a reference page at the end of care plan ) References done in APA Format (5 Points)

Pathophysiology of Disease Process

(Points 10)

Classic Signs and Symptoms of Disease Process

(5 Points)

Section III

Physical Assessment

(15 Points)

Physical Assessment:

Vital Signs (T, P, R, BP, SPO2)

General Appearance

Psychiatric

HEENT

Neck

Breasts and Lymph Nodes

Pulmonary

Cardiovascular

Skin and Nails

Abdomen

Genitourinary

Pelvic and Rectal

Extremities

Musculoskeletal

Neurological (DTR’s, reflex grading, cranial nerve evaluation)

__________________________________________________

Incisions

Drains

Diet/Nutrition

IVs

Intake and Output

Pain assessment (include reassessment)

Fall Risk Assessment (include score)

Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment (include score)

Section IV

Diagnostic Data

(5 Points)

Inlcude pertinent diagnostic tests, including labs, EKG, and X-Rays

Diagnostic Tests Patient’s value Normal Range Inference(why is this patients value abnormal)
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       

Section V

Treatments and Procedures

List all treatment and procedure interventions/nursing actions dependent (physician initiated) and independent (nursing initiated) performed during your clinical experience.

( 5 Points)

Treatments and Procedures Day & Times Rationale
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section VI

Teaching and Health Promotion

( 5 Points)

List client’s teaching Needs/Knowledge Deficits, such as teaching about a new diet, reasons for being NPO, reasons for wearing elastic stockings, etc.

Section VII

(5 Points)

List of Nursing Diagnoses (Minimum of 5) Use your assessment of your client’s human needs to write your nursing diagnoses. Actual and Potential deficits and wellness diagnoses are expected. Your nursing diagnoses must be substantiated by your health assessment of your client.

Human Needs Nursing Diagnoses

(Circle Selected Nursing Diagnoses)

Nursing Diagnoses Statements
Oxygenation

1. Perfusion (Cardiac)

2. Acid Base Balance

3. Ventilation

4. Diffusion

Decreased Cardiac output

Tissue perfusion, altered (specify) renal, Cerebral, cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, peripheral Impaired Gas exchange Ineffective airways cleaning Ineffective Respiratory pattern Difficulty maintaining spontaneous ventilation, Respiratory dysfunctional response to Weaning High risk of Asphyxia High risk of Aspiration

 
Fluid & Electrolytes Balance

1. Acid Base Balance

2. Metabolism

3. Intracranial Regulation

Liquids, excess volume Liquids, Volume Deficit Liquids, high risk of volume deficit Body temperature: high risk of impaired Hypothermia Hyperthermia Ineffective Thermoregulation  
Elimination Constipation Subjective Constipation Chronic Constipation Diarrhea Fecal Incontinence Urinary, impaired elimination Urinary incontinence: stress Urinary Incontinence: reflects Urinary Incontinence: emergency Urinary Incontinence: Functional Urinary Incontinence: total Urinary, retention Self-care, deficit: use the potty / toilet

 

 
Nutrition

1. Energy

2. Cellular structure and function

3. Failure to Thrive

4. Metabolism

Nutrition, altered: excess Nutrition, altered: by default Nutrition, potential alterations: excess Self-care, deficit: feeding Swallowing, impaired Ineffective Breastfeeding interrupted breastfeeding Effective Breastfeeding Infant Feeding ineffective pattern  
Sleep Sleep pattern disturbance  
Mobility Disuse, high risk of syndrome Physical mobility, disorder Peripheral Neurovascular, high risk of dysfunction Activity intolerance Activity, high risk of intolerance

Self-care, deficit: dressing / grooming

 
Sensation and Cognition

1. Mood and affect

2. Tissue integrity

Sen-so-perceptual alterations (specify) visual auditory, kin esthetic, gustatory, tactile, olfactory.

Tissue, impaired integrity Oral mucous membrane, altered Skin, impaired Cutaneous, high risk of deterioration of the integrity Self-care, deficit: bathing / hygiene

 
Rest and Comfort

1. Pain

2. Stress and Coping

3. Fatigue

Coping: ineffective

Anxiety Fear FatigueTransfer, stress syndrome Pain Chronic Pain

 

 
Spiritual Integrity

1. Grief and loss

2. Cultural

Spiritual suffering HopelessnessImpotence Bereavement dysfunctional Early Mourning  
Affiliation

1. Love and Belonging

2. Social Support Systems

3. Self-Actualization

Verbal, disorder Social, impaired interaction Social isolation Coping: ineffective

Recreation, deficitRole, impaired performance Parenteral, alteration Parenteral, high risk of disruption Parenteral, role conflict Adaptation disorder Family, alteration processes Role of caregiver, overexertion in The role of caregiver, high risk to overuse in the Defensive coping Denial ineffective Ineffective family coping: disabling Ineffective family coping: engaged

 
Sexual Integrity

1. Reproductive Health

2. Sexual Relationships

3. Sexuality

Sexual dysfunction Sexuality, altered patterns of  
Safety

1. Infection and Inflammation

2. Immunity

3. Substance abuse

4. Abusive environments

Infection, high risk of Dysreflexia Injury, high risk Poisoning, high risk of Trauma, high risk of Protection, impaired engaged Violence, high risk: self-injury, injury to other Self-mutilation, high risk of Post-traumatic response Rape, traumatic syndrome of Violation, trauma syndrome: compound reaction Violation, trauma syndrome: silent reaction  
Self-Esteem

1. Developmental milestones across the lifespan

2. Health promotion/health beliefs

3. Behaviors

4. Teaching and learning

Growth and development, altered

Coping familiar development potential

Coping:ineffective Knowledge, deficit (specify) Thought, alteration processes

Health, generating conducts (specify)

Treatment, tracking no (specify) Decisions, conflict in the making (specify)

Therapeutic regimen, ineffective management of (individual) Home, difficulties in maintaining Health, alteration in the maintenance of Body Image, disorder Self-esteem disorder Self-esteem, lack of: chronic Self-esteem, lack of: situational Personal, disorder

 

Section VIII

Medications

(5 Points)

Medication Sheet

Medication Dose

Brand/

Generic Name

Mechanism of Action/Indication for Use Contraindication Adverse Effects/Side Effects Nursing Implications

 

Outcomes Safe Dose

(yes or no)

Why is your client on the drug?

             

Section IX

Nursing Interventions

(Points 20)

CARE PLAN FOR “ 4 ” (MINIMUM) NURSING DIAGNOSES

Assessment

Findings

Nursing Diagnoses

(Actual & Potential Deficits, Wellness Diagnoses)

Outcomes

Short and Long Term

Interventions/Nursing Systems

(Dependent & Independent)

Rationale

(Why are you performing that intervention?)

Evaluation/Outcome

(What was the actual result?)

The Case Of Robert Week 10

CASE OF ROBERT

Intake Date: May 2019

 

DEMOGRAPHIC DATA:

This is a voluntary intake for a 33-year-old Caucasian, Protestant male. Robert has

had several psychiatric hospitalizations in the past. He has been married for 8

years and has been separated from his wife for the past ten months. He initially

moved in with his parents but recently moved to his own place for the past five

months. His wife lives two blocks from him. Robert has had difficulty in jobs and

has not been at any job longer than two years.

 

CHIEF COMPLAINT:

“I miss my wife and do not want to live if I have to live without her”.

 

HISTORY OF ILLNESS:

Robert reports first seeking psychiatric treatment when he was seventeen years old.

He was prescribed anti-depressants but does not remember what kind. The antidepressants worked well for his depressed mood, so he remained on antidepressants for three years until he believed he did not need them anymore since

things started changing for him. He was feeling much better, happier, freer, able to

get out there and conquer the world. At 21, he began drinking. His chemical use

increased in his early twenties when he began using cocaine and amphetamines.

His use of alcohol and pills continued throughout his late twenties. At twentynine-years-old, he attempted suicide after his wife left for the first time. He was

hospitalized in a psychiatric unit for thirty days where he was also treated for drug

and alcohol addiction. At this time, he became involved with AA and NA for a

short period of time. After the reconciliation with his wife, their financial

difficulties, which existed from the start of the marriage, continued. At that time,

Robert was put on Vraylar with continued successful results for three years.

Robert stayed clean and sober at this time.

Robert reports being in a car accident six months ago where he hurt his back and

was prescribed Oxycontin. He began using the medication more often than

prescribed. Shortly after the accident, he began using other medication once in a

while that he would obtain from friends, such as Klonopin. He decided to return to

self-help meetings to end this behavior, but it did not last long because he felt

uncomfortable.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

In December 2018, Robert returned to his psychiatrist because he was becoming

depressed again, feeling sad, fearful, and suicidal. He was given Luvox. Soon

after, the psychiatrist did not think this was working very well and added Ritalin to

augment his medication regiment. During the next three months, Robert’s mania

increased. He was having angry outbursts regularly. His wife asked him to leave

the home. He took an overdose of Klonopin. Robert was hospitalized for 3 days

until his mood was stabilized and then returned home. He reports feeling anger

towards his wife believing she forced him to be hospitalized and started using

amphetamines again.

Robert continued on anti-depressants and Luvox. His psychiatrist was unaware

that he continued using amphetamines. Robert’s wife was getting continuously

concerned about their financial state because Robert would constantly buy presents

for her that she did not need or want, nor that they could afford. They would have

arguments about this all the time. Robert continued his use over the fall and by the

end of March was asked to leave his home again because he used pills as a suicidal

gesture. He began drinking again to cope with the separation. This use continued

up to his current presentation for intake.

 

PSYCHOSOCIAL HISTORY:

Robert is the only child from his parents union. Robert reports his childhood to be

tumultuous. His mother separated from his father on several occasions and

sometimes would throw Robert out of the house with the father. His mother made

all the decisions and his father played a more passive role. Both parents would

often have physical fights and Robert would try to break up the fighting from as

early as he can remember.

Robert had very few friends growing up due to his tumultuous family system.

Robert was considered an underachiever in the early years of school. He went on

to college and graduated with a bachelor’s in science with a major in computer

science.

Robert denies any legal history. Robert worked for many years in the family

business right after college. Although the customers liked him, he was asked to

leave because of his mood swings. After his addiction recovery, he entered the

computer business and was a salesperson for a major company. Robert stayed at

his first job six months but did not like the company and left. He then became a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

 

director in another company. He had several jobs for a while but would not stay

long at the job. He became a district coordinator at his next job. He stayed there

three years.

 

MEDICAL HISTORY:

Robert states he has no major physical illnesses.

 

FAMILY ISSUES AND DYNAMICS:

Robert married at twenty five years old. He reports not loving his wife but thought

he should be married. The first four years of their marriage Robert reported being

happy but there was turmoil with his mood being elevated at times and depressed

at other times. Over the past several years, he believed his wife was becoming

more distant from him, which angered him. Their fighting increased especially

over his excessive spending. Robert reports not having a lot of friends.

 

MENTAL STATUS EXAM:

Robert presents as a neatly dressed male who appears younger than his stated age.

His hair is a bit disheveled, although he continuously takes a brush out to fix it. He

discusses his weight and body image stating he wants to be thinner and return to

weightlifting to build up his muscles again. His nails are neatly groomed. Facial

expressions are appropriate to thought content. Motor activity is appropriate.

Thoughts are logical and organized. There is no evidence of hallucinations.

Robert admits to a history of suicidal ideation. Robert has some manic like

symptoms, i.e. getting up, going to the men’s room, talking fast during the

interview. Robert is oriented to time, place, and person. His intelligence appears

normal.