Outline how we might apply the sociological imagination (in its historical, cross-cultural and critical dimensions) to a current social problem like poverty, unemployment, domestic violence, suicide or environmental degradation?
(1000-1250 Words)

guidelines:
It is an expectation that students will consult at least six scholarly sources in writing this particular assignment, which should be evident in the referencing and reference list. Please avoid quoting directly from the sociological dictionary, as this is a thinking exercise requiring research. It is also inadvisable to quote the lectures directly as these are based on a variety of extant sources and you should ask the lecturer to direct you to the relevant source for a particular study or theory referred to in the lectures if you want to use this material.
Assessment Criteria:
As a general rule, the marking of all written assignments and essays will be informed by the following criteria, which are offered as a guide to students in developing their work.
NB: Please note that the following criteria are not ranked in any order of importance:
1. Structure:
How effectively is the material presented, organised and logically ordered?
Does the presentation of material indicate evidence of careful reading in its planning, preparation and writing?
Does your essay have an introduction, body and conclusion?
2. Introduction:
How well does the introduction identify and formulate an argument or main claim for the discussion?
Does it state the aim of the essay and introduce the topic?
Does it give the reader an overview of what is to follow?
3. Argument:
Is the main claim or thesis, presented in a logically coherent manner?
Is the argument adequately supported through the use of properly referenced and appropriate evidence?
4. Content:
Does the substantive content of the discussion indicate that the analysis is detailed and critical?
Are all major issues considered?
Is there recognition of conflicting theories and explanations?
Is the material presented relevant to the topic or essay question?
5. Originality:
Does the discussion indicate originality and independence of thought?
Does the student raise their own questions and develop their own arguments?
6. Conclusion:
Have the main points been summarised?
Has a conclusion been stated?
Are the concluding statements justified on the basis of what has been presented in the body of the assignment?
Page 6
Course Outline: Introduction to Sociology: Society, Culture and Change (SCS110)
Date of original approval: 26.11.02 Date of most recent change: 14/7/2010
Date of discontinuation:
Current form version: 23 Sept 04
7. Referencing:
Is all the research material adequately referenced and documented by the use of citations, quotations and a reference list?
Has the Harvard style of referencing been used correctly?
8. Clarity of Expression and Presentation:
Is the quality of the expression clear?
Is the grammar, punctuation and spelling correct?
Is the question clearly identified?
Are the pages numbered?
Are the font size (12 point) and line spacing (double) correct?
Is the coversheet attached?

Question 1

 

You are reading culture plates today and identifying pathogens that grow from patient samples. 

Which two pieces of information are absolutely critical in determining which additional tests must be done to identify the pathogen?

 

a) Appearance on charcoal agar

b) Endospore Stain

c) Gram Stain

d) Oxygen sensitivity

 

Question 2

 

A 10 year old has a wound on the arm that the physician suspects is infected.

Upon culture, you see small white colonies growing on blood agar as well as chocolate agar.

You gram stain the colonies to find that they are gram positive cocci.

Which test will you perform first?

 

a) catalase

b) indole

c) lactose fermentation

d) coagulase

 

Question 3

 

You have isolated catalase positive gram positive cocci from a wound culture.

Which test will you perform next?

 

a) coagulase

b) P disc, containing optichin

c) A disc, containing bacitracin

 

Question 4

 

You are working on a sputum culture.

You see mucoid alpha hemolytic colonies that number many more than the normal flora present.

The gram stain of the colonies shows gram positive cocci that are in lancet shaped pairs.

Which test will you do?

 

a) P disc, containing optichin

b) A disc, containing bacitracin

c) motility

d) acid fast staining

 

Question 5

 

You are working up a throat culture.  

Standard procedure in plating throat cultures in your lab includes dropping an A disc near the initial inoculum in the first quandrant when streaking the specimen.

You examine the blood agar plate and see moderate normal flora and many beta hemolytic colonies that do not grow up to the A disc.  

The beta hemolytic colonies are catalase negative gram positive cocci.

Which pathogen is in this throat culture?

 

a)Streptococcus agalactiae

b) Staphylococcus aureus

c) Streptococcus pyogenes

d) Staphylococcus epidermidis

 

Question 6

 

You are working up a male genital culture.

You see no growth on the blood agar plate but small colonies growing on the chocolate agar plate. The gram stain shows gram negative cocci in pairs.

Which test will you do next?

 

a) oxidase

b) motility

c) catalase

d) indole

 

Question 7

 

You are working up a cerebrospinal fluid culture.

You find colonies growing on blood agar as well as chocolate agar.

The colonies are oxidase positive gram negative cocci.

The colonies ferment glucose and maltose but not sucrose or lactose.

You identify the pathogen as

 

a) Neisseria meningitidis

b) Haemophilus influenzae

c) Streptococcus pneumoniae

d) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

 

Question 8

 

You are working up a urine culture.

You see >100 colonies that are gray and flat on the blood agar plate and >100 colonies that are bright pink on the MacConkey agar.

The IMViC results are Indole positive, Methyl Red positive, Vogues-Proskauer negative, Citrate negative.

You have identified the pathogen as

 

a) Citrobacter freundii

b) Escherichia coli

c) Enterobacter aerogenes

d) Proteus vulgaris

 

Question 9

 

You are working up a stool culture.

On MacConkey agar you see many bright pink colonies and many clear colonies.

Which colonies are potential pathogens that require further testing?

 

a) Clear colonies, non lactose fermenters

b) Bright pink colonies, non lactose fermenters

c) Bright pink colonies, lactose fermenters

d) Clear colonies, lactose fermenters

 

Question 10

 

DNA technology is useful in the identification of :

 

a) pathogens that are unable to be grown readily on artificial lab media. 

b) pathogens that are no longer alive in the patient sample,

c) species that cannot be differentiated by conventional testing.

d) All of the above.

 

Question 11

 

You are preparing a sample of DNA from an unknown colony of bacteria.

After adding digestion buffer and incubating for the time suggested by the manufacturer, you centrifuge the sample.

The DNA is found:

 

a) stuck to the gel in the tube.

b) stuck to the sides of the tube.

c) in the pellet in the bottom of the tube.

d) in the supernatant in the tube.

 

Question 12

 

Which of the following is not true of the Polymerase Chain Reaction?

 

a) PCR is facilitated by a heat labile DNA polymerase.

b) PCR is a method of replicating DNA in a test tube.

c) PCR can facilitate the detection of DNA that is too low to detect by other methods.

 

Question 13

 

Why are dATP, dCTP, dTTP and dGTP added to a PCR reaction tube?

 

a) They catalyze the polymerase.

b) They buffer the mixture.

c) They allow the DNA in the sample to anneal.

d) They provide the building blocks of DNA.

 

Question 14

 

Why are universal 16S rDNA primers used in your experiment?

 

a) They will anneal to highly conserved areas of the gene that encodes bacterial 16S rRNA.

b) They will anneal to unique sequences of genes encoding 16S rRNA in specific bacteria.

 

 

 

 

 

Question 15

 

If universal primers are used to amplify DNA in a PCR reaction, then the PCR product must be sequenced to determine the bacteria that the DNA belongs to.

 

True

False

 

Question 16

 

How is the PCR product separated from the PCR mixture at the completion of the reaction?

 

a) Perform electrophoresis in an agarose gel, stain the gel and cut the band corresponding to the PCR product from the gel.

b) Pour the PCR mixture into a commercially prepared DNA microconcentrator column and follow the manufacturer’s directions to adhere and elute the PCR product from the column.

c) Both of the above procedures may be used.

d) Neither of the above procedures may be used.

 

Question 17

 

Your PCR product was sequenced by a method known as Cycle Sequencing.

Which of the following statements is false?

 

a) An automatic sequencer performs electrophoresis and reads the tagged DNA pieces, providing a read out of the nucleotide bases comprising the DNA sequence of the fragment being tested

b) Cycle sequencing is done in a PCR machine.

c)Tagged terminator nucleotides facilitate the creation of a series of nested DNA sequences of different length.

d) Cycle sequencing can be completed in just one test tube.

 

Question 18

 

The National Library of Medicine has a databank called GenBank that has deposited in it the DNA sequences of numerous genes isolated from known bacterial species.

 

True

False

 

 

Question 19

 

You obtained the following BLAST data from your sample:

99.9% Enterobacter sakazakii

95.2% Enterobacter aerogenes

93.7% Enterobacter cloacae

The pathogen in your sample is:

 

a)Enterobacter sakazakii

b)Enterobacter aerogenes

c)Enterobacter cloacae

d)Enterobacter species