Applications of Learning on Positive Social Change

For this Assignment, you will identify a social issue or problem that is important to you and reflect on how

it might be remediated through the application of learning principles that you have learned during the

course. Finally, you reflect on what you conclude are the most useful concepts that you are taking away

from this course, and how they apply to your own life.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Review the weekly Learning Resources for the course, and your previous Discussion and

Application Assignments.
Read the assigned article “Expanding Our Understanding of Social Change.”
Identify a social issue or problem and consider how it might be managed through the application

of learning principles you have learned throughout this course. When identifying your social issue or

problem you should focus on the behavior and its consequences (rather than on the need for attitude

changes).
Examples for ideas: Racial prejudice, crime, pollution, education, exhaustion of natural resources,

overpopulation, poverty, AIDS and other diseases, etc.
Reflect on what you conclude are the most useful concepts that you are taking away from this

course and how the concepts apply, or could potentially apply, to your own life.
The Assignment (1–2 pages):
1.Briefly explain in a short paragraph (100 words or less) a social issue or problem, and explain

why this problem is important to you.
2.Explain how the social issue or problem might be managed through the application of learning

principles (OPERANT LEARNING : REINFORCEMENT) you have learned throughout this course. Be sure to

focus on the behavior and its consequences (rather than on the need for attitude changes)

Sample Solution

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Benjamin Franklin way to wealth

Introduction
Thesis Statement, giving THREE reasons: In this paper, I will argue that, based on reasons ABC
Paragraph 1: talk about reason A
Paragraph 2: talk about reason B
Paragraph 3: talk about reason C
Conclusion
(3) it should use quotations from the text;
(4) it should be written clearly, with correct grammar and punctuation.

Develop a persuasive essay about your issue.

Throughout this course, you will complete assignments that will help you develop a persuasive essay about your issue. In this assignment, you’ll take the first step in this process by writing some notes about your issue. Remember to apply what you have learned thus far in the course when discussing your issue.

To double check that your chosen issue will work for the persuasive essay project, ask yourself if it meets these three requirements:

  1. Does the issue have two clear and arguable sides?
  2. Is the issue researchable? Can you find reputable sources to represent both sides of the issue?
  3. Is the issue related to your career or degree?

If you have questions or concerns, please be sure to contact your instructor as soon as possible. You can email or use the General Questions board in Brightspace.

Constructing Your Writing Notes

The questions below will ask you to consider how the following critical elements relate to your issue:

  • argument*
  • key points*
  • audience*
  • goal*
  • potential resources*
  • evidence*This process will allow you to develop a plan for persuading readers to agree with your argument. This plan will be helpful in keeping your thought process on track when you begin writing and revising your essay. Each response should be one fully developed paragraph in length.As you work on the Writing Notes, remember to refer to the assignment guidelines and rubric below to make sure you’re fulfilling each aspect of the assignment. Assignment Guidelines and RubricOverview: Persuasion is a constant in each of our lives. No matter where we look, what we read, what we see, or who we interact with, we are inevitably going to encounter some form of persuasion. Advertisements want us to buy things. Newspapers and television want to convince us of how we should feel about events. We are put into positions where we must defend our thoughts and beliefs to others, and the process we apply is typically some form of persuasion.Persuasive writing is one of the most powerful forms of writing—it has the ability to influence one’s thoughts, and also the ability to change one’s mind about a particular issue. The persuasive essay is an ideal tool for supporting an opinion on an issue using researched facts and information. It also gives you the chance to recognize an opposing viewpoint and refute it, noting that those who hold the opposing viewpoint are the intended audience of the piece.Prompt: For this assignment, you will use a guided prompt to write notes that will help you better understand how to approach the persuasive essay. As you follow the guide, remember to apply what you have learned thus far in the course when discussing your issue. These writing notes will help you address the critical elements below, which will ultimately inform your final submission of the persuasive essay. Each response should be one fully developed paragraph in length.Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
    1. Writing Plan: Use this writing plan as a way to gather your thoughts and determine your strategy for writing your persuasive essay. This process will allow you to develop a potential structure for effectively persuading readers to agree with your argument. This plan will be helpful in keeping your thought process on track when you begin writing and revising your essay.
      1. Your argument is the main point that you are trying to make in your essay. It should clearly state your opinion on your issue. Describe the argument to be addressed in your persuasive essay, and include how the argument is connected to your major, the major you are considering pursuing, or your field of work.
      2. Key points are pieces of evidence that support an author’s main argument. What are three possible key points for your selected issue? How do they support your main argument?
      3. Your audience is the person or people you are addressing in your essay. Who is the audience that will be reading your essay? What potential challenges will you encounter in supporting your argument with this audience?
      4. Your goal is the end result that you wish to achieve in writing this essay. What goal do you hope to accomplish? What will this essay need to be successful?
      5. Potential resources are pieces of evidence that could be used to support your argument. List potential resources that could be used as supporting evidence for your argument, and provide a brief description of each and how it will reinforce your argument.
      6. Using the supporting resourcesyou identified above, list each of the points of your argument with the resources that support them. This process will help you begin to form an effective essay structure.
      7. Determine aspects of your argument that would be effectively supported with evidence. Defend your choices.
      8. Guidelines for Submission: Save your work in a Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Then, check your writing for errors. Once you have proofread your document, submit it via the Module 2, 2-2 Writing Notes Assignment link in Brightspace.RubricCritical ElementsProficient – 100%Needs Improvement – 75%Not Evident – 0%ValueWriting Plan: ArgumentDescribes the argument to be addressed through the essay, including how argument is derived from major, or major that is being considered or field of workDescribes the argument to be addressed through the essay, including how argument is derived from major or major that is being considered, but argument contains gaps in detailDoes not determine an argument to be addressed throughout the essay15Writing Plan: Key PointsDetermines key points and rationale that will be helpful in supporting the validity of the argument Determines key points and rationale, but they are cursory or inaccurateDoes not determine key points and rationale10Writing Plan: AudienceIdentifies audience and determines potential challengesIdentifies audience but does not determine potential challengesDoes not identify audience15Writing Plan: GoalEstablishes a goal to be accomplished with the essayEstablishes a goal for the essay, but goal is not aligned with essay topicDoes not establish a goal to be accomplished with the essay15Writing Plan: ResourcesLists potential resources for supporting evidence and provides a brief description of eachLists potential resources for supporting evidence, but does not provide a brief description of eachDoes not list potential resources15Writing Plan: Supporting ResourcesAligns key points of argument with supporting resources for establishing an effective essay structureAligns key points of argument with supporting resources but contains issues regarding accuracy of alignmentDoes not align key points15Writing Plan: EvidenceDetermines aspects of argument that would be effectively supported with evidence and defends those choicesDetermines aspects of argument that would be effectively supported with evidence and defends those choices, but lacks clarity, and or there are gaps in rationaleDoes not determine aspects of argument that would be effectively supported with evidence10Articulation of Response

Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.

Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.
Develop a PICO(T) question to address the clinical issue of interest you identified in Module 2 for the Assignment. This PICOT question will remain the same for the entire course.
Use the key words from the PICO(T) question you developed and search at least four different databases in the Walden Library. Identify at least four relevant systematic reviews or other filtered high-level evidence, which includes meta-analyses, critically-appraised topics (evidence syntheses), critically-appraised individual articles (article synopses). The evidence will not necessarily address all the elements of your PICO(T) question, so select the most important concepts to search and find the best evidence available.
Reflect on the process of creating a PICO(T) question and searching for peer-reviewed research.
The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 3: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews

Create a 6- to 7-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:

Identify and briefly describe your chosen clinical issue of interest.
Describe how you developed a PICO(T) question focused on your chosen clinical issue of interest.
Identify the four research databases that you used to conduct your search for the peer-reviewed articles you selected.
Provide APA citations of the four relevant peer-reviewed articles at the systematic-reviews level related to your research question. If there are no systematic review level articles or meta-analysis on your topic, then use the highest level of evidence peer reviewed article.
Describe the levels of evidence in each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, including an explanation of the strengths of using systematic reviews for clinical research. Be specific and provide examples.
Job burnout is a state of physical or emotional exhaustion that also involves a sense of reduced accomplishment and loss of personal identity (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2018). Nursing burnout/turnover is negatively impacting healthcare at a national level. With recent reports of pervasive “burnout” and depression among healthcare professionals and the pressure that many influential healthcare organizations exert on clinicians to deliver high-quality, safe care under increasingly heavy patient loads, the use and teaching of EBP may be key not only to providing outstanding care to patients and saving healthcare dollars, but also to reducing the escalating turnover rate in certain healthcare professions (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018). This is devastating, yet important, due to the impact this has on patient care and safety. This being said, my topic of nurse burnout/turnover formed into a PICO(T) question is:

P: Registered Nurse’s in the ED

I: Nurse burnout and turnover rate

C: Other areas of nursing

O: Patient safety and satisfaction

Question: Does Registered Nurse burnout/turnover in the ED impact patient safety and satisfaction?

Databases and Results

When searching for this topic the databases used were MEDLINE, PubMed, and EBSCO through the Walden Library. The search terms used for MEDLINE and PubMed were nurse burnout narrowing the search to 5 years, humans, journal article, English, and full text. That generated approximately 813 articles. After incorporating the Boolean terms AND nurse turnover, it then narrowed the search articles to 402. Through the Walden Library, the search terms nurse burnout in the ED were used, narrowing to peer-reviewed only and full text. This generated 8 articles. To improve these results strategies such as incorporating more Boolean terms, using more specific search terms, and trialing more databases could benefit in a more efficient and effective search.

Conclusion

Clinicians with burnout may have impaired attention, memory, and executive function that decrease their recall and attention to detail placing them and their patients at higher risk for errors and safety (Heath, 2018). Happy and healthy employees promote happy and healthy patients. This topic is in need of clinical inquiry at a national level, but also where this nurse is employed. The turnover rate has been significantly increased where this nurse is employed, leading to short staffing, thus increased workload and unhappy patients. This kind of work environment is unsafe and warrants change not only for the healthcare professionals sake, but more importantly the patients sake.

References

Heath,S. (2018, September 5). How does provider burnout impact patient care quality, care access? Retrieved from https://patientengagementhit.com/news/how-does-provider-burnout-impact-patient-care-quality-care-access

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2018, November 21). Know the signs of job burnout. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/burnout/art-20046642

Melnyk,B., & Fineout-Overholt,E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare (4thed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.