Discussion paper on cognitive psychology

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Discussion 1

Our final project requires you to look at research surrounding one of several topics in the field of cognitive psychology, identify a gap in the current research on this topic, and create your own study to address this gap. You will study perception, attention, neurocognition, memory, speech and language, problem solving, and judgment/reason/decision making. Consider how you see these topics applied in everyday life, as well as any news stories about research studies and technological breakthroughs.

Next, in your initial post, address the following:

  • Which of these topics and ideas interests you the most as a potential subject for your final paper?
  • Share your topic and explain why it interests you and how the provided references fit in.

Respond to two the two peers below, sharing your thoughts on their chosen topics. Do you think their topics make sense? Why or why not? You may also share suggestions on how to clarify or refine the topic, or approach it in a different way. Feel free to provide an appropriate resource to support your suggestions.

Kelly post

The topic that interests me the most is judgements, decisions, and reasoning. After reviewing the article, it was amazing to me the difference between unconscious and conscious thought, and how researchers are trying to determine and examine each one and how it is effected. “Rather than making conscious choices and immediately and passively experiencing those thoughts an alternative possibility is that the thoughts are constructions created post hoc and that the true casual work is done by unconscious states of mind and brain” (Newell, B.R. & Shanks, D.R. 2014). This quote from the article makes me want to investigate the ego further and how it is a factor in the thought process.

Samantha post

The topic I would like to focus on is Attention, specifically Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and the lack of attention on women within this research area. There is research to support the belief that women are under diagnosed. This could be for a few reasons such as the differences between the sexes as well as outdated/incorrect diagnosis material as in they may be using material that was created solely to diagnose males or differing materials/experiments from other research groups. Another issue comes with the age of the participant/patient. As we age, some show fewer of the symptoms even though they still technically have ADHD.

The lack of consistency along with aging and lack of useful research hinders the diagnosis process. Females and males show certain symptoms more often and, within certain trials and samples, can be equal in representation.

In my final paper, I would like to discuss and focus on the history of ADHD in relation to gender and provide an experiment and suggestions on how to correct this through stability in testing/diagnosis practices as well as equal and broader sample pools. This is a topic that has research on it but we certainly need more. Another possible direction could be a focus on diagnostic material and the listed symptoms for ADHD focusing on women.

RESPOND TO THE NEXT TWO STUDENTS RESPONSE AND BE CONSTRUCTIVE AND PROFESSIONAL.

ASHLEY POST

The culture of an organization contributes on every level of the company essentially. Working as a stylist for Ulta for about a year now I have realized that the company honestly care for all of their employees on a personal level. During the recent pandemic I had reached out to the CEO to give advice on what I thought could help the company during this tough time. She personally messaged me back. I can say that not every CEO would take the time to message an employee lower than them in the food chain. It really opened my eyes to the true nature of Ulta as a whole. Also when we first shut down they gave us paid leave then on a furlough because we would get more money through unemployment. I thought it was a very thoughtful of the company to continue paying us during that time and to take into consideration how we could benefit from the whole situation. Just knowing that I can trust Ulta to take care of me when I need them is more than enough to keep me faithful to the company. It also gives me a very positive attitude about the company.

RYAN POST

The culture of an organization is ultimately the most important factor in keeping good employees. In my experience, even well paid employees will leave a company if they don’t feel they align with the company beliefs, leadership style, or the way employees are treated. Employee satisfaction needs to be monitored, given an opportunity for candid feedback without repercussion, and cultivated in a way you would a growing plant. Sometimes that means you have to trim back the things that aren’t useful or helpful, but pruning helps growth. You always need to be watering and feeding through encouraging and empowering policies that give employees an opportunity to better themselves, advance in the company, make more money, be rewarded for good behavior and performance, and feel valued by those around and above them in the corporate chain. Some of the best times of growth in my teams have been the times that we met informally, and I allowed the “gloves” to come off. I would tell employees, “tonight I’m not your boss, I just want to be your friend.” Letting them see me outside of work, and know that there are no consequences if they say or do something questionable really allowed them to trust me in the work environment. While I still have to use my good judgement in these situations, I have yet to have a negative result when I open myself up like this.

(Q1) -Which statement provides the best definition of the Enlightenment of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and America?

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(Q1) -Which statement provides the best definition of the Enlightenment of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe and America?

A) “Enlightenment!” is what Benjamin Franklin exclaimed to his son, the day he discovered how electricity works by observing a lightning strike. Thereafter, that became the expression used by scientists and inventors.

B) The Enlightenment is the burst of intellectual activity in Europe and the colonies that, among other things, caused an increase in the respect for education and value of information.

C) When settlers arrived on the shores of the American colonies, they were said to have reached an “Enlightened” place. Therefore, the mass migration of immigrants to the colonies is known as the Enlightenment.

D) The Enlightenment refers to “seeing the light,” as many colonists did in the eighteenth century as a Protestant religious revival swept through the colonies.

(Q2) – What was the purpose of Poor Richard’s Almanack?

A) Poor Richard’s Almanack shared weather and other information relevant to farmers, and also entertained readers with stories and wise sayings.

B) Poor Richard’s Almanack targeted toward the poor of society, attempted to help them accept the truth of their position.

C) Poor Richard’s Almanack recorded the births and marriages that occurred in the city of Philadelphia during the colonial era.

D) Poor Richard’s Almanack is the written record of all Enlightenment era inventions and ideas.

(Q3) – When Poor Richard discusses the invention of the telescope and the orbits of planets around the sun, what does he assume about his readership?

A) Poor Richard assumes his readers may be in the market for telescopes, and he is an investor in the company that makes them.

B) They are ignorant and need to be taught how the world works.

D) His readers are open to discussions of Natural Law and astronomical sciences.

D) Americans have always loved the occult, and Poor Richard’s Almanack was the first place a wide group of people had access to that type of literature.

(Q4) – To the historian, the printed sermon by Jonathan Edwards (Document 2) provides evidence that

A) Colonial Americans firmly believed in reason and scientific observation as a way of understanding and surviving in their world.

B) there was a demand for transcripts of powerful sermons among the colonial population.

C) Jonathan Edwards was a religious fanatic.

D) only preachers held the power of the written word and the gospel in their hands.

(Q5) – Compare the “Urban Web” and the development of print culture in colonial America discussed in Chapter 3 to the way that information is spread and acquired in the twenty-first century. Was information a more valuable resource then because it was so much more difficult than it is now to access so much information?

Quiz Instructions

Think about: In what ways did the Enlightenment and Great Awakening shape American thought?

The first printing press arrived in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1638, at the recently founded Harvard College. It is hard to imagine that this wooden machine could wield enough power to change a culture and affect the history of a place and its people. By the mid-eighteenth century, the existence of printing presses in the colonies helped inform, entertain, and bring American colonists together culturally. We live in the world of instant communication, where the written word has the ability to be dispersed to millions of people instantaneously. However, the force of shared printed materials during the colonial period, and the ideas they conveyed, cannot be underestimated. The printed word provided wide public access to very powerful ideas.

Benjamin Franklin, thought of as the founder of the Enlightenment in America, famously believed in the ability of educated men to gain understanding of the natural world through scientific observation. Via his printing presses and publishing business, Franklin himself did much to spread Enlightenment sensibilities throughout the colonies in the form of a Farmer’s Almanac. The power of the press was also put to use in service of the spread of new religious ideas, such as those espoused during America’s first Great Awakening, a religious movement that caught fire in the colonies, in large part due to a literate population, receptive to learning about preachers who challenged the established British churches. They learned about those preachers and their sermons because of the growing access to printed materials from multiple sources, not just the established churches

DOCUMENTS

Document 1( https://d1lexza0zk46za.cloudfront.net/coursepacks/history/amnar11/imgs/ch03_poorrichard.png) is from Poor Richard’s Almanack. Benjamin Franklin began publishing the almanac, under the pseudonym Richard Saunders, in 1732. By 1753, the date of the attached excerpt, nearly every household in colonial America had a copy. The humorous sayings, advice, and educational information became part of the shared experience in the colonies, due to the availability of printed materials. The fact that Benjamin Franklin was the author and publisher of these almanacs helped spread Enlightenment sensibility, reason, and values.

Document 2 ( https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1053&context=etas ) is an excerpt of a sermon given by Jonathan Edwards in 1741 that was later transcribed and distributed as pamphlets, allowing the words of Edwards to reach far beyond his congregation.

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read Chapter 3 of the textbook, with special attention to the section on the Enlightenment in America, pages 144-147.

2. Analyze the documents for this exercise.

3. Answer the questions that follow these documents.

immigrant during the gilded age

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Hi my name is Sophia, I am 24 years old and from Berlin, Germany. Two Years ago I decided to move to New York, U.S. with my 2 brothers. My brothers couldn’t go to school because we had no money after traveling. They were forced to work in factories at 12 & 17 years old.
It is September 5, 1882, I was on my way to work like I do everyday at 5:30am. When I was about to walk into the factory a boy around the age of 19 came flying out of the building with his hand wrapped up with blood pouring down his arm, following behind him was this big man well dressed with a long beard. The man yelled at the man because he had made a mistake and then sent him off telling him to never come back. It was absurd, I walked by with my head down and went to work.
As the end of the day rolled around I slowly walked home, it was getting dark and I had to get home to feed my brothers. When I walked in my youngest brother was in the corner crying. I asked him what’s wrong and apparently that afternoon he had gotten fired for falling asleep on the job. That was it I was done, I had dealt with long hours and only $0.10 an hour but I couldn’t handle it. I needed some way to fix this but what could I do?
The next morning I went into work and did as I was told, I was planning on during my 10 min break to take a few of my coworkers for help to fix this problem. After about 6 hours of working it was finally time for lunch. I didn’t have much time so I had to act quickly. I first talked with all women in the area. Many had children and family to take care of.

Entrepreneurship and Finance

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Essay Objective: Learn the fundamentals of new venture creation. 

The SBA has stated that since every business is different, and has its own specific cash needs at different stages of development, there is no universal method for estimating your startup costs. Some businesses can be started on a smaller budget, while others may require considerable investment in inventory or equipment. Additional considerations may include the cost to acquire or renovate a building or the purchase of long-term equipment. 

Deliverables: A minimum of 3 full pages required (exclusive of title and reference pages).

Activity Details: 

Step 1: Essay Assignment: Costs Analysis 

In this two-part essay assignment, search for two film cases [use sites like YouTube to find these case studies] representing entrepreneurs discussing start-up costs. Compare and contrast their stories.

Then, analyze the Case Study: A Cool Business MooBella, Inc. MooBellas founder and CEO, Bruce Ginsberg, is an entrepreneur who grew up in the ice cream business, recognized a need in the ice cream industry and quickly filled it. 

Read pp. 251-252: Case Study: A Cool Business MooBella, Inc. from Mariotti, S., & Glackin, C. (2013). Entrepreneurship: Starting and Operating a Small Business (3rd ed., pp. 251-52). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. 

Research two case studies. 

Search for two cases representing entrepreneurs discussing start-up costs. 

Compare and contrast their stories in a 1-2-page summary. 

Step 2: Document category costs for MooBella Case Study 

Document the categories of costs you would expect to see in a list of MooBellas start-up costs. Summarize MooBellas sources of start-up funding in a 1-2-page summary 

Step 3:  Write a paper. 
Compare and contrast their stories in a 3 full page paper. Please review the link provided below, containing the essay rubric, prior to proceeding: 

Essay Rubric

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/