write an article on The Miranda Rights.

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Hello, I am looking for someone to write an article on The Miranda Rights. It needs to be at least 2250 words. Information that has been sourced from a criminal suspect that was not read his/ her Miranda rights is considered as being unconstitutional. The constitution is the supreme law of the land and must be adhered to by all individuals. Most criminal suspects that confess to committing a crime are forced to do so while under police custody. Law enforcement officers who interview such suspects usually make them feel that confessing is the only option of getting out of their situation easily. However, if a suspect is made to feel as if they have to confess, and they actually confess without having had their Miranda rights read to them, the evidence from what they say to incriminate themselves is admissible in court. History and purpose of Miranda rights The Miranda court case was introduced in 1966 in the case of Miranda versus Arizona. In this particular case, Ernesto Arturo Miranda was arrested on suspicion of kidnap and rape. Miranda was not informed right to remain silent and avoid self-incrimination when arrested. Miranda was also subjected to the physical stress of having had to stand for the whole day in the room where he was also interrogated. Miranda was also not informed of his Sixth Amendment constitutional right to seek legal counsel from a lawyer. After being identified by the victim, Miranda was made to sign a confession of the crime. The evidence in form of writing that was agreed to by Miranda was used against him in a court of law leading to a conviction of a period of 20- 30 years. Miranda’s lawyer appealed against the court case decision on the basis that his client was not mirandized (Goldstein & Goldstein, 20). The Supreme Court of Arizona upheld the previous court decision to use the confession evidence. The court cited that a confession admitting to a crime cannot be dismissed on any grounds. However, the court acknowledged that Miranda was not allowed the opportunity to access a lawyer (Prentzas, 93). The lawyer would have offered Miranda legal advice to remain silent and not give out information that would have been incriminating and led to his conviction. Miranda was absolutely denied his Fifth and Sixth Amendment Constitutional rights. The court conviction was overturned on the basis that the information that was used to prosecute Miranda was coerced and that he was not informed of his rights. If Miranda was aware of his right to provide evidence before a lawyer or remain silent, he would not have incriminated himself. This court decision made the judicial stand and intent clear on the important of reading individuals their rights before they are interrogated. If a suspect who is in custody decides to remain silent during the question, it is well within his/ her legal rights. If the individual asks for legal counsel to be present during the questioning, the individual is also within his/ her rights (Siegel, 29). The decision by Chief Justice Earl Warren led to the naming of the Miranda rights as they are so known till to date. The decision was considered to being controversial since it was considered that Miranda was guilty since he had been identified by the victim and he had agreed to sign the document that he had kidnapped and raped the victim in question. However, Miranda was arrested again on the basis of the victim’s testimony.

 

prepare and submit a term paper on Practical Investigation: Medical Microbiology of the Respiratory Tract.

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You will prepare and submit a term paper on Practical Investigation: Medical Microbiology of the Respiratory Tract. Your paper should be a minimum of 1000 words in length. Although it is not known whether the exposure to the bacteria was recent or not, the patient had started exhibiting the general symptoms of tuberculosis. The patient also came from one of the African nations where TB is endemic. These were indicative of tuberculosis as the cause of illness. Mantoux tuberculin skin test or Heaf test may be used to confirm the diagnosis and immediate hospitalisation and medication is required.

Answer: TB is a highly contagious disease and its onset in individuals in a locality has to be recorded and notified to all local and state health departments to formulate a control and prevention plan. Every health department has to ensure a complete and timely investigation for suspected TB cases reported in its area.

Answer: The baby is immunosuppressed&nbsp.and has likely been infected by the fungi, Pneumocystis jirovecii, which causes pneumonia due to lung infection. It is known to be an opportunistic pathogen and has, therefore, affected the baby’s lungs causing fever, cough and respiratory distress.

Answer: The pathogen for PCP, Pneumocystis, is found in the lungs of healthy individuals but it causes infection only in people who have weak immune systems. Children are especially susceptible to diseases as they do not have fully developed immune systems, and in this case, the patient is also HIV+ve.

Answer: Sample 3a containing MDCK monolayer after incubation with patients NPA sample clearly indicates cytopathogenic effect on the cells when compared to the uninoculated MDCK cell sheet in sample 3b. This is an indication of viral infection.

Answer: The symptoms observed in the patient which include fever, chills, headache, runny nose and sore throat suggest that she may have contracted the flu. The doctor examining her at the clinic also suspected the same and the NPA test also confirms that she has been infected by the influenza virus.

research paper on cell structure (bio slp mod 1). Needs to be 2 pages. Please no plagiarism. Cell Structure -Deep-water Horizon Oil Spill Cell Structure -Deep-water Horizon Oil Spill Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell

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Need an research paper on cell structure (bio slp mod 1). Needs to be 2 pages. Please no plagiarism. Cell Structure -Deep-water Horizon Oil Spill Cell Structure -Deep-water Horizon Oil Spill Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell

The cell is the building unit in living organisms both simple and complex. Consequently living things can be broadly classified into prokaryotes or eukaryotes depending on their cell structure. These two groups differ by their subcellular structure where eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles, while prokaryotes lack these organelles. Eukaryotic cell, therefore, contain complex structures formed by internal membranes and cytoskeleton whereas, prokaryotic cells are simple with less complex structured organelles. Theorists postulate that prokaryotes were the only form of life for millions of years before eukaryotes come into being through evolution. Additionally, the majority of prokaryotes are unicellular with an exception of a few such as cyanobacteria while eukaryotes are multicellular.

Archaea

These are single-celled prokaryotic organisms that differ from bacteria and eukaryota in many ways. Their size and shape resemble that of bacteria but contain genes and metabolic processes similar to those in eukaryotes. Unlike bacteria, some archaea have irregular shapes.

Nitrifying bacteria

These are prokaryotic organisms that derive their energy from inorganic sources. They are subdivided into two major groups. ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) that oxidize ammonia to nitrite, and nitrate oxidizing bacteria (NOB), which oxidize nitrite to nitrate. Examples of the AOB group are the Nitrosomonas Sp while Nitrobacter Sp belong to the NOB group.

Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria

These are chemolithotrophs bacteria that utilize ammonium as a source of energy. They oxidize ammonia to nitrite. Examples include the Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, and Nitrosolobus species.

Gram-negative VS Gram-positive bacteria

Gram negative bacteria are bacteria that have a thin peptidoglycan (polymer) matrix, which comprises the cell membrane of the organism. Consequently these bacteria do not retain the crystal violet dye used in gram staining technique. On the other hand, gram positive bacteria contain a thick layer of this polymer matrix, thus retain the primary stain in gram staining giving them purple appearance.

Hydrocarbon

These are organic compounds consisting of carbon and hydrogen elements. These compounds are abundant in nature and occur mostly in the form of crude oil. Hydrocarbons, therefore, are the main source of energy readily available as a combustible fuel.

Bioassay

This is a scientific assay that employs the use of live organisms to determine the biological activity of a test substance. These tests are useful in investigating the effects (toxicity) of an element accidently introduced in an ecosystem. For instance, the effect crude oil spills on the surface and deep-water marine life. Bioassays can be qualitative or quantitative.

Microtox bioassay

Microtox is a commercial bioassay kit that monitors growth activity of Vibrio (Allivibrio) Fischeri. The growth of the microorganism is monitored and quantified through bioluminescence.

Crude oil

This is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon liquid found beneath sedimentary rocks. This organic compound can be refined into various petroleum products, which form the various types of biofuels.

Biodegradation

Biodegradation is the breakdown of organic or inorganic matter into primary elements by living organisms. This process is mediated by enzymatic processes in the living cells and bacteria form the majority of organisms used in this process.

Sensitivity Bioassay study

The study by Urakawa (2012) investigated the toxicity of oil spills on nitrifying microorganisms. In this study, both nitrifying bacteria and archaea toxicity were reported at 0.1-10ppm concentration of the contaminant (Urakawa, et al 2012). However, archaea were reported to have a higher sensitivity to toxicity than bacteria. The toxicity sensitivity to crude oil also varies with species among nitrifying bacteria group, with N. maritimus showing a higher sensitivity than the rest (Urakawa, et al 2012). A significant difference in sensitivity is also noted between betaproteobacterial, which showed a higher sensitivity than gammaproteobacterial ammonia oxidizers (Urakawa, et al 2012). To determine the impact of chronic toxicity on microorganisms, Urakawa (2012) challenged the growth of heterotrophs with increasing doses of toxicity from zero to 10 ppm oil concentration (Urakawa, et al 2012). Significantly this group had a low sensitivity compared to that of nitrifying bacteria.

References

Urakawa, H. et al. (2012). “A sensitive crude oil bioassay indicates that oil spills potentially

induce a Change of major nitrifying prokaryotes from the Archaea to the Bacteria.

write an article on pgce- primary teaching Paper must be at least 500 words.

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Hi, I am looking for someone to write an article on pgce- primary teaching Paper must be at least 500 words. Please, no plagiarized work! Personal ment College: Personal ment Education is paramount to every child’s future. It is my ambition to contribute in the creation of a brighter tomorrow for them. I am graduating with an undergraduate degree in advertising, PR and Media. It is my consideration that my qualifications and work experience might be of interest to the school.

It is my ambition to pursue a profession in teaching. I am particularly interested in the position as it would enable me gain experience in an educational environment with the opportunities for professional growth and development that this brings. In addition to my vocational qualifications in advertising, PR and Media, I would make to the position a proven ability to deal successfully and tactfully with children and colleagues.

Although my course does not involve a subject in the national curriculum, I still possess a basis for primary teaching. Throughout my course, I have had to write advertisements and participate in field practical that have enhanced my communication skills. I can replicate this training in a classroom setting to capture children’s attention and have them respond appropriately.

The nature of my advertising, PR and Media degree course has prepared me adequately for this position as there are areas that aid my understanding people’s thought processes when presented with information. Media training and advertisement has helped me understand the mechanics of communicating with wide and varied age groups. The learned PR skills will come handy in understanding children and develop strategies to aid learning.

In addition to my strong theoretical basis for the course, I obtained practical experience for teaching. While on a three-week placement abroad, I observed that a teachers approach to the class has a far reaching effect on the learner’s ability. For example, a teacher often changed the ways he taught a class to maintain the interest of the children in those activities. She encouraged and celebrated children who were experiencing difficulties in certain activities. The motivation spurred them to try harder, and they succeeded in many cases. Her positive attitude reflected in children, giving them confidence in themselves hence an active learning environment.

I had the opportunity to guide the class in story telling which preceded an ICT lesson that would require class discussions. It was evident that some children are happy to participate in this environment while others were not quite as keen. It is, therefore, imperative that teaching practitioners design strategies that would encourage all children to take part.

I perform well in a team, and I believe that I adequately demonstrated the ability to converse and fit in with staff at all levels in the school setting. I enjoyed being part of the team, and it is an area in which I hope to grow further.

From the experience I gained, and it is apparent to me that I want to work with children in a school set up. It is my hope that my guidance will make a positive impact on their lives in the academics and overall life. I trust that I possess the skills necessary to make an exemplary teacher, such as leadership, resourcefulness, and communication.