Staining Helps Identify an Infectious Agent Case Study

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A 94-year-old woman went to her local hospital emergency department in mid-November 2001 complaining of a 5-day history of weakness, fever, nonproductive cough, and generalized myalgia (muscle aches). Otherwise, for a person her age she was fairly healthy, although she did suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and chronic kidney failure.
 
On physical examination, her heart rate was above normal and she had a fever of 102.3°F
(39.1°C). The rest of her physical examination was normal. Initial laboratory studies of blood cell count, blood chemistries, and chest X ray were also normal except for the chemical urine testing. This finding along with the fever suggested an infection, so the patient was admitted to the hospital. Samples of blood and urine were sent to the microbiology laboratory and set up appropriately.
 
The next day, microscopic evaluation of the urine culture revealed rod-shaped bacteria that stained red, and the blood culture revealed rods that stained purple. The liquid blood culture was then transferred to appropriate solid media. This finding in the blood was unusual, so a sample culture was sent to the state health department laboratory. Antibiotic therapy was adjusted, yet the patient’s condition deteriorated. Her most serious symptoms localized to her chest, and she was transferred to the intensive care unit. Four days after admission, the health
department announced that the bacteria found in the patient’s blood were Bacillus anthracis.
She was suffering from inhalation anthrax. Further testing showed these bacteria to be of the same strain that had been involved in the recent bioterrorist attack. Despite treatment, the patient died on the fifth day after admission.
 

  • What techniques and equipment are used when the bacteria are observed as being purple and red?  How are these findings reported?
  • What are the stages of processing a blood sample Using the 5 I’s of culturing?
  • 3-4 sentence for each question answer , no source limited , mla format

Imagine that you are a public health nurse, and you and your colleagues have determined that the threat of a deadly new strain of influenza indicates a need for a mass inoculation program in your community. What public health data would have been used to determine the need for such a program?

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1. Imagine that you are a public health nurse, and you and your colleagues have determined that the threat of a deadly new strain of influenza indicates a need for a mass inoculation program in your community. What public health data would have been used to determine the need for such a program? Where would you locate public health data? What data will be collected to determine the success of such a program? How might you communicate this to other communities or internationally?
2.Explore health information technology for the future of healthcare (http://healthit.gov). Select a reading about meaningful use or another topic of interest to you. What types of questions does this bring to mind regarding safety, privacy, and confidentiality? Can we have a system of meaningful use in a community, nationally, or internationally and yet still maintain the HIPAA standards

Discuss ways that nursing informatics could be applied to all areas of professional nursing practice, including clinical practice, administration, education, and research.

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1. Discuss ways that nursing informatics could be applied to all areas of professional nursing practice, including clinical practice, administration, education, and research. Provide examples of each. What do you see as the biggest significance of nursing informatics, and why
2. What are your experiences with using an electronic information system (EHR)? Describe the components of an EHR, and using the assigned readings, any past experiences or observations, and your imagination, share your thoughts on the following question: Can you give one pro and one con of an EHR with regard to enhancing patient care and safety? Include rationale for each. How do you see the EHR enhancing patient health literacy?

Discuss the role of the RN in the medication management

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Case Report:
Based upon the Horizons Hospital & Health Service (HHHS) Mary Young, construct a case report. The case report will draw upon your knowledge of pathophysiology and relevant academic literature to support an evidence-based plan of care.
Headings and a description of the content for each section of the report have been provided. These serve as a guide for how you will present your case report; however, it is important that all sections of the report are conceptually connected. For example, your knowledge of pathophysiology and your understanding of this particular client should underpin the nursing problems that you identify which should, in turn, drive the nursing management that is relevant for this clinical situation.
The case report should include the following:
Introduction (150 words)
Introduce the client and provide a brief overview of their case. Provide an outline of the purpose and structure of the report.
You might like to think about the overview of the case study like a verbal clinical handover: what is the key information from the HHHS patient information, progress summary and medication chart that would be relevant for the plan of care for this client?
Primary admission diagnosis (200 words)
Identify the primary diagnosis for the client (i.e. the reason the client was admitted to the HHHS). Provide a brief description of the pathophysiology for the primary diagnosis.
As part of this discussion, it is important to relate the pathophysiology to client’s risk factors and relevant previous medical history.
Nursing problems (200 words)
Use your knowledge of pathophysiology and the subjective and objective data provided in the HHHS progress summary notes to identify five (5) nursing problems that may arise as a result of the client’s primary diagnosis. These problems may be actual or potential nursing problems. Provide a brief description for why these problems may arise for this client.
From these, select two (2) nursing problems as the focus for the remainder of the case report. Provide a rationale for your selection.
Nursing Management (600 words)
The nursing management should focus on the nursing assessment, nursing interventions and the role of the Registered Nurse (RN) related to medication management for this client and will address the two (2) selected nursing problems.
Nursing Problem 1: Nursing assessment, nursing intervention, medication management.
Discuss one (1) method of nursing assessment that would need to be performed related to the ongoing
nursing management of this nursing problem. Provide a rationale for this type of assessment and briefly
describe how this assessment would be conducted in this case.
Discuss one (1) nursing intervention that you would need to implement related to the ongoing nursing
management of this nursing problem. Provide a rationale for the intervention.
Discuss the role of the RN in the medication management related to the ongoing nursing management
of this nursing problem.
Nursing Problem 2: Nursing assessment, nursing intervention,medication management.
Discuss one (1) method of nursing assessment that would need to be performed related to this nursing problem. Provide a rationale for this type of assessment and briefly describe how this assessment would be conducted in this case.
Discuss one (1) nursing intervention that you would need to implement related to the ongoing nursing management of this nursing problem. Provide a rationale for the intervention.
Discuss the role of the RN in the medication management related to the ongoing nursing management of this nursing problem.
Discharge planning (250 words)
Identify five (5) issues/challenges that you may need to address for this client prior to discharge home. Discuss how you would facilitate discharge planning for this client, with consideration to two (2) of these concerns?