U.S. Federal Bureaucracy And Public Policy Worksheet

Part 1 Matrix:

Complete each section of the matrix below. Include APA citations for all borrowed ideas, facts, or definitions.

 

Terms

What does this term mean?

How or why is this term important with respect to the U.S. Federal   Bureaucracy and the public policy process?

 

Civil Service

 

The “Spoils System”

 

The “Merit System”

 

The Hatch Act

 

Administrative Discretion

 

Policy Implementation

 

Oversight Controls

 

Interest Groups

 

Economic Policy

 

The “New Deal”

 

The “Great Society”

 

Social Policy

 

Foreign and Defense Policy

Part 2 Essay:

Write a 525- to 700-word response below that responds to the following question:

How does the U.S. Federal bureaucracy influence, operate, and function with respect to implementing economic, social, and foreign policy?

Include APA citations for all borrowed ideas, facts, or definitions.

U.S. Federal Bureaucracy and Public Policy Worksheet

 

1

U.S. Federal Bureaucracy and Public Policy Worksheet

Part 1 Matrix:

Complete each section of the matrix below. Include APA citations for all borrowed ideas, facts, or definitions.

Terms What does this term mean? How or why is this term important with respect to the U.S. Federal Bureaucracy and the public policy process?
Civil Service    
The “Spoils System”    
The “Merit System”    
The Hatch Act    
Administrative Discretion    
Policy Implementation    
Oversight Controls    
Interest Groups    
Economic Policy    
The “New Deal”    
The “Great Society”    
Social Policy    
Foreign and Defense Policy    

Part 2 Essay:

Write a 525- to 700-word response below that responds to the following question:

How does the U.S. Federal bureaucracy influence, operate, and function with respect to implementing economic, social, and foreign policy?

Include APA citations for all borrowed ideas, facts, or definitions.

Why was the ESA enacted in 1973

The endangered dusky gopher frog, a darkly colored, moderately sized frog with warts covering its back and dusky spots on its belly. Photo: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Reuters

Amid all the hand-wringing about a polarized Supreme Court, note Tuesday’s unanimous decision for regulatory sanity. The case concerned whether a frog’s “critical habitat” can include land where the frog doesn’t live and can’t survive.

Weyerhaeuser v. U.S. Fish and Wildlife involves more than 1,500 acres in Louisiana that the government declared “critical habitat” for the dusky gopher frog, which is protected under the Endangered Species Act. Two problems: The critter hasn’t been seen in those parts for about five decades, and it can’t survive on the land without clearing forest canopy.

The timber company that operates on the land sued on the sensible grounds that the place can’t be critical habitat if the creature would die on arrival. The law allows Fish and Wildlife to designate certain unoccupied areas as critical habit but only if they’re essential to the conservation of the species. The designation threatens development on the land and could cost the owners $34 million by the government’s estimates.

The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled for the government in a decision with no limiting principle—by the circuit’s logic, a desert could be critical habitat for a fish, as more than a dozen state attorneys general pointed out in an amicus brief to the Supreme Court.

The Supremes ruled for the land owners 8-0. (Justice Brett Kavanaugh wasn’t seated at the time of oral argument.) Chief Justice John Roberts wrote for the Court that “according to the ordinary understanding of how adjectives work, ‘critical habitat’ must also be ‘habitat.’” The case is sent back to the circuit court to consider if the land is habitat, among other questions.

The Justices also ruled that the critical habitat designation is subject to judicial review. One mystery is why the Trump Justice Department defended such an expansive interpretation of the law. Maybe the next Attorney General can take the career bureaucracy off autopilot.

The Justices could revisit the case if the Fifth Circuit muffs the Court’s questions. Meantime, the dusky gopher frog would have a better chance of surviving in more places if the Endangered Species Act gave private land owners an incentive to protect wildlife rather than subjecting them to years of federal legal harassment.

Appeared in the November 28, 2018, print edition.

A.1) Do you think this decision will hinder endangered species protections?  Why or why not?

B) Now that you’ve read Petersen’s book on the Endangered Species Act, Acting for Endangered Species: The Statutory Ark, you can address the following questions:

History of Endangered Species Protection

  1. Prior to the ESA, what kinds of species were protected and why?
  2. Why was the ESA enacted in 1973 and why, for such a controversial statute, was it enacted so easily?

Snail Darter Controversy

  1. Why did the FWS refuse to list some species after the snail darter controversy?
  2. What role did private citizens and NGOs play in the snail darter controversy?

Spotted Owl Controversy

  1. Why was the tiny NGO “Greenworld” the initiator of the spotted owl listing issue, instead of a larger, better-established group?
  2. What was the legal issue in Babbitt v. Sweet Home and what was the Court’s holding?
  3. Why is this book subtitled the “statutory ark”?

Democracy And Difference

TOTAL have 4 critical review about POL SC. I will choose two person to write it .

For this critical review, it has 5 places that you need to write down.

Assignment Objectives:  Enhance and/or improve critical thinking and media literacy skills by:

1. Developing a clear and concise thesis statement (an argument) in response to the

following question: Does the film have the power to transform political sensibilities?

2. Writing an outline for a five paragraph analytical essay building on a clear and

concise thesis statement, including topic sentences and secondary supports.

3. Identifying and explaining three scenes from the film text in support of the thesis

statement/argument.

4.  Writing an introductory paragraph for the outlined analytical essay

Be sure to read thoroughly the writing conventions below before beginning this assignment.  

Note: You are NOT writing a full essay; rather, you are outlining an analytical essay by completing the dialogue boxes below.

Writing a Critical Review (analytical) Essay

  1. Every essay that you write for this course must have a clear thesis, placed (perhaps) somewhere near the end of the introductory paragraph. Simply stated, a THESIS (or ARGUMENT) expresses, preferably in a single sentence, the point you want to make about the text that is the subject of your essay. A THESIS should be an opinion or interpretation of the text, not merely a fact or observation.  The best possible THESIS will answer some specific questions about the text. Very often the THESIS contains an outline of the major points to be covered in the essay. A possible thesis for an essay on character in Perry Henzell’s The Harder They Come might read somewhat as follows:

    The protagonist of THTC is not a hero in the epic sense of the word, but a self-centered young man bred of economic oppression and cultural dependency. The characters in this film have no real psychological depth, but are markers for a society of consumption and momentary glory.

    (You might then go on to exemplify from the text and argue in favor or against this interpretation: your essay need not hold to only one perspective.)

    What single, clear QUESTION does the above THESIS attempt to answer?

  2. Each essay should be organized into five (5) paragraphs, each based on one of two to four major ideas, which will comprise the BODY of the essay. Each paragraph must have a topic sentence, often (but not always) towards the beginning of the paragraph, which clearly states the ARGUMENT or point to be made in the paragraph. Following the thesis set forth above, the first paragraph might begin with a sentence like “Ivan’s desires and his destiny are signaled in the opening shots of the film, where the friendly, jumbled interior of the bus is contrasted with Ivan’s first view of the outer world: a world of shiny white cars and beautiful women.” Avoid topic sentences that fail to make an interpretative statement about the work or that merely state something any reader might observe; for example, “The first characters we see are country people on a bus to town.”
  3. Underline the THESIS and each TOPIC SENTENCE in every critical review essay you submit. This exercise will force you to make certain that you have expressed and developed the ideas in your essay clearly and logically.  (In other words, do not do this exercise five minutes before you submit the essay but, rather, as you are working on the very first draft.)
  4. Always use present tense verbs in your critical review essays about film texts.  Present tense is the verb tense of analysis.  Past tense, on the other hand, is the tense of narration. In each essay, you will be analyzing a particular text, not retelling or summarizing the story.  If you find yourself slipping into past tense as you compose, you are probably narrating rather than analyzing.
  5. Use specific passages from the text to support each point that you make in your essay. You may simply refer to an event in the text, or you may paraphrase what a character or the narrator says. But the best EVIDENCE will most often be direct quotes from the text.  

The Introductory Paragraph – Some Approaches

In your essay, an opening or introductory paragraph may not always be the first one you write.  But it will be the first one your readers read and you need to engage your readers’ attention and interest and present all you need to make your thesis clear and convincing.

  1. Some Pitfalls to Avoid
    1. Dictionary definitions:  Define key terms and concepts in your opening paragraph, but don’t quote directly from the dictionary to do so. Use a dictionary – more than one dictionary – to formulate the definition in your own words.
    2. Generalizations about “life,” “society,” “people today,” etc.: You don’t want to begin your essay with the kind of statement that teeters on that fine line between opinion (those ideas you will go on to prove) and belief (those ideas unprovable with the evidence offered by the text).  Rather than a statement like, “Almost every man has a sense of pride and will go to war to prove it,” try something more specific to the text you are analyzing.  “The character of Roland exemplifies how personal pride and personal valor do not always lead to the most fortunate conclusion.”
    3. The painfully obvious:  Avoid opening statements like “Dante’s Inferno is about a journey to hell,” or “Roland is the hero of The Song of Roland,” unless such statements are in some way controversial and challenging to traditional interpretations of the text. Try to avoid any kind of tautological formula – “something is something else” – in the opening sentence, especially, but also elsewhere as an “argument.”
    4. Try to distinguish between historical or biographical fact:  “Dante’s Inferno was written in fourteenth-century Italy,” and interpretation, especially when you are considering the intention of an author:  “Dante wrote his Inferno to expose the problem of Florentine political corruption to the world.” The latter may be a part of your theory or thesis (or conclusion) but if you use it as a statement of fact (an “intentional fallacy”) you will have to prove it rather than merely argue it – a slippery and difficult and perhaps not particularly useful task. Beware also of using vague or imprecise generalizations of terms such as “dramatic,” “realistic,” or “critical,” which differ in their literary and historical significance.
  2. Challenges to Meet
    1. Try for a (syntactically) shapely and relevant opening sentence: be thoughtful and original and persuasive.  Always look for interesting ways into your essay: an epigraph, perhaps, or an important episode that seems to set the stage for what you want to say, or a succinct comparison with another well-known work, which will help your reader understand the point you want to make.
    2. Always (particularly in a comparative essay) identify your texts early on. (Usually with full title, full authors’ names, and date/period of publication.)
    3. Think of your thesis statement as the logical goal of the first paragraph. Everything you say here should lead towards (or from) that thesis. Anything that doesn’t lead in that direction – unless you are presenting a view different from yours, which you want to argue against—doesn’t belong in your paragraph.  Think of the paragraph as a funnel, where the contents are being concentrated and filtered to one end.

Using proper MLA bibliographic formatting, cite the film text in the box to the right:

http://www.bibme.org/citation-guide/MLA/film

  Write here

1. Develop a thesis statement pertaining to the assigned film text and whether or not it, the film, in your view has the power to transform one’s political sensibilities. Your argument should express your point of view regarding the politics of difference, political sensibilities, and political transformation(s) as related to the film. Remember, you’re writing (developing) an analytical essay. Submit your thesis statement in the box located to the right. Be sure to proofread your work.

Write here

2. Develop three (3) topic sentences that articulate the major ideas that will comprise the body of your essay. Remember that your topic sentences should clearly state the argument or point to be made in the respective paragraphs and must map back to your thesis statement. Submit your topic sentences in the box located to the right. Be sure to proofread your work.

Write here

3. Identify three (3) scenes from the film that support your thesis statement. Briefly explain your choices of scenes and how the scenes specifically support your thesis statement. Also, provide the exact time the scenes begin and end within the film text. Submit your reply in the box located to the right. Be sure to proofread your work.

Write here

4. Lastly, fully develop your introductory paragraph. Remember that the best possible thesis will answer some specific question about the text. In this case a question related to the film’s power to transform political sensibilities regarding difference. Your thesis statement should appear parenthetically within the paragraph you present. Submit your answer in the box located to the right. Be sure to proofread your work.

Write here

Discussion 15 – Dennett

Unlike the other authors that you have read over the past few weeks, Dennett gives attempts to give a strictly empirical account of ‘self’. For Daniel Dennett, accounting for phenomena (objects or events experienced in reality) is a matter of reduction to natural facts. When philosophers say all experience in reality is reducible to physical facts, we say that this is a physicalist account of the world. Dennett’s particular line of reasoning is an extreme form of physicalism, where if there is some phenomena that cannot be accounted without appealing to non-physical facts, then it stands to reason that the phenomena in question does not exist (or that it has been accounted for it incorrectly.) Hence, Dennett’s position in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science is what is known as material eliminativism.  However, Dennett’s account approaches the notion of self from a perspective of evolutionary biology, and Dennett believes that an account of the self can be given in a way that develops from physical facts.

Prompt: First, briefly lay out Dennett’s account of the self as it constructed through a narrative. What might this narrative structure mean for a person that has multiple personality disorder? Second, give a brief comparison with James Giles ‘no-self theory’ that you read last week. Finally, and following from your responses to the two previous questions, should a person prefer Giles’ or Dennett’s account of the self? Provide reasons for your decision and list some possible advantages, and disadvantages, of your choice.

Required Reading: Daniel C. Dennett, “The Origins of Selves” (PDF)

Recommended Reading: TED Talk – Daniel Dennett and the Illusion of Consciousness (Weblink); SEP, “Physicalism”  Introduction & Sections 1, 2, 10, 11, & 12 (Weblink)

Remember: A response consists of more than one word or simply agreeing. Please cite all passages in the text (including page number) and cite all outside information according to MLA guidelines. Your answer should have AT LEAST 3 responses (possibly more), aside from your original post. You will always be required to create a post responding to the discussion prompt (300-600 words), before viewing any responses of other students. Please review your work carefully before you submit since you will not be allowed to edit it afterwards (i.e., type and edit your responses in a WordDoc before posting.) Additionally, each discussion board requires you to respond to at least three other students (50-100 words per response).