I need help creating a thesis and an outline on Psychology as the Study of the Mind or the Soul. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. The year 1879 is generally regarded as the year in which psychology as a formal science was officially born. A German scholar named Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920), who was trained in both philosophy and medicine, had written in his first book on sense perception in 1862 that psychology could become science only if it employed the experimental method in studying the workings of the mind. In a subsequent publication in 1873, he announced that he intended to make psychology a science, and he established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879. Others in both North America and Europe were also doing psychological research at this time. Still, Wundt’s laboratory was the first to be formally established and have its research results published in a scholarly journal. These are among the reasons that he is credited as the primary founder of the modern psychology discipline.

Many of America’s early psychologists received their training in Wundt’s lab. The focus of research in the Leipzig Laboratory was on sensation, perception, imagery and attention. Wundt doubted that more complex processes could be studied experimentally. One of Wundt’s favourite research methods was “trained introspection.” Wundt and his associates and students trained research subjects to carefully observe and analyse their own mental experiences – including sensations, mental images, and emotional reactions – under controlled conditions. The training of subjects in introspection was rigorous and exhaustive. Wundt hoped that by providing such training, he could produce reliable, verifiable, objective results. In the long run, however, it proved to be impossible to use introspection to produce reliable results and the approach was abandoned as a research technique by other psychologists.

In the early days of psychology, there were two dominant theoretical perspectives. Structuralism was the name given to the approach pioneered by Wundt. The term originated from Edward Titchener, an American psychologist who Wundt had trained. Structuralism relied on trained introspection, a research method whereby subjects related what was going on in their minds while performing a certain task.

I need some assistance with these assignment. how white lies can be good for your marriage Thank you in advance for the help!

With deception being a form of non-truth, Smith argues that no relationship is without a type of show. While these degrees of fraud can vary between hurtful things such as faithfulness or money issues, they can also include the small, mundane aspects of white lies. As Smith argues, if deception is a given aspect to any relationship, it is more important to focus on adapting to the idea of fantasy versus the show itself. With this article establishing that deception is a factor in any relationship, it makes the idea of telling white lies to protect another more viable.

In furthering Smith’s notions on deception, Judee Burgoon and Kory Floyd’s article on the motivational drive to tell the truth versus fraud discusses how people try to lie to one another. In the year 2000, this article argues that the harder a person tries to lie to another, the more difficult it is for them to tell those lies successfully. In translating this notion to the context of this literary analysis of white lies in relationships, it is evident that attempting to maintain massive, damaging lies such as an extramarital affair causes great strain within a relationship. On the opposite side, small, simple, and mundane white lies, such as saying you like a new dinner or a new set of bathroom towels, are accessible forms of deception to maintain. When weighing the gravity of these issues against the severe and painful problems that can come into play in a marriage, it is evident that a white lie does not hold much ground in the context of all scenarios.

In forwarding the idea of the strain that deceivers feel with their partners, Seiter, Bruschke, and Bai’s 2002 article on the social acceptability of deception discusses what society thinks is alright regarding truth in relationships. According to the report, the company finds that it is acceptable for strangers to be deceptive with one another to protect their privacy. Still, that same behavior is not permitted in marriages. Understanding that American society expects marriage to consist of open relationships, it is clear where there can be a negative stigma associated with telling white lies.